Experimental Study on the Effect of Environmental Factors on the Real Driving Emission (RDE) Test

Hao Yu, Yan Su (), Lei Cao, Bo Shen, Yulin Zhang and Benyou Wang
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Hao Yu: College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
Yan Su: College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
Lei Cao: College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
Bo Shen: College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
Yulin Zhang: College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China
Benyou Wang: College of Automotive Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 9, 1-10

Abstract: The real driving emissions of gasoline and diesel vehicles are significantly influenced by altitude, temperature, and starting conditions. In this study, the real driving emissions (RDEs) of gasoline and diesel vehicles compliant with China V standards were investigated under various conditions. The adaptability of RDE testing in China was evaluated by analyzing vehicle emissions at different altitudes, ambient temperatures, and starting conditions. The results show that, with increasing altitude, CO, NOx, and PN emissions generally exhibit a downward trend, particularly for gasoline vehicles, whose conformity factors remain well below the China VI limit. However, for China V diesel vehicles relying solely on EGR technology, NOx emissions significantly exceed China VI standards, indicating that EGR alone is insufficient to meet regulatory requirements. Temperature variations have little effect on the emissions of China V PFI gasoline vehicles, while diesel vehicles continue to exhibit excessive NOx emissions under varying temperatures. Although the cold-start phase generates substantial pollutant emissions, the EMROAD evaluation method excludes this phase, resulting in limited differences between cold- and hot-start emission results. Nevertheless, the inclusion of cold-start emissions should be considered in future RDE assessments.

Keywords: real driving emission; altitude; temperature; starting condition; repeatability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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