Wide Area Measurement-Based Centralized Power Management System for Microgrid with Load Prioritization

Prashant Khare () and Maddikara Jaya Bharata Reddy
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Prashant Khare: Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli 620015, India
Maddikara Jaya Bharata Reddy: Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, National Institute of Technology Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli 620015, India

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 9, 1-35

Abstract: The increasing power consumption reflects technological and industrial growth, but meeting this demand with conventional fossil-fuel-based plants is challenging. Microgrids address this issue by integrating renewable energy-based Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) and Energy Storage Systems (ESS). Efficient Microgrid operation requires a power management system to balance supply and demand, reduce costs, and ensure load prioritization. This paper presents a wide area measurement (WAMS)-based Centralized Power Management System (CPMS) for AC microgrids in both Islanded and Grid-Connected modes. The modified IEEE 13-bus system is utilized as a microgrid test system by integrating DERs and ESS. WAMS significantly enhances intra-microgrid communication by offering real-time, high-resolution monitoring of electrical parameters, surpassing the limitations of traditional SCADA-based monitoring systems. In grid-connected mode, the proposed CPMS effectively manages dynamic grid tariffs, generation variability in DERs, and state-of-charge (SoC) variations in the ESS while ensuring uninterrupted load supply. In islanded mode, a load prioritization scheme is employed to dynamically disconnect and restore loads to enhance the extent of load coverage across consumer categories. The inclusion of diverse load categories, such as domestic, industrial, commercial, etc., enhances the practical applicability of the CPMS in real-world power systems. The effectiveness of the proposed CPMS is validated through multiple case studies conducted in Simulink/MATLAB.

Keywords: distributed energy resources; energy storage system; grid-connected mode; islanded mode; microgrid; power management; load prioritization; load shedding and restoration; wide area measurement (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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