Review of Position Sensorless Control Technology for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors

Yukuan Ran, Mingzhong Qiao, Lucheng Sun and Yihui Xia ()
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Yukuan Ran: The College of Electrical Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China
Mingzhong Qiao: The College of Electrical Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China
Lucheng Sun: The College of Electrical Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China
Yihui Xia: The College of Electrical Engineering, Naval University of Engineering, Wuhan 430033, China

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 9, 1-22

Abstract: The high-performance control of permanent magnet synchronous motors hinges on precise rotor position information. However, traditional mechanical sensors are plagued by high costs, large dimensions, and low reliability. As a result, position sensorless control technology has emerged and is becoming a research hotspot in the field of motor control. This article comprehensively reviews the existing position sensorless control technologies for permanent magnet synchronous motors. First, the fundamental principles of classical methods based on the motor’s fundamental wave model and saliency effect are analyzed in detail. Second, the advantages, disadvantages, and applicable scenarios of various position sensorless control methods are summarized. Finally, the key issues that need to be addressed in future research are pointed out.

Keywords: position sensorless; high-frequency signal injection; sliding mode observer; model reference adaptation system (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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