Electromagnetic Investigation of Innovative Stator–Permanent Magnet Motors

Mohammad Reza Sarshar, Mohammad Amin Jalali Kondelaji, Pedram Asef () and Mojtaba Mirsalim
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Mohammad Reza Sarshar: Electrical Machines and Transformers Research Laboratory (EMTRL), Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15916, Iran
Mohammad Amin Jalali Kondelaji: Advanced Propulsion Laboratory (APL), Mechanical Engineering Department, University College London (UCL), London WC1E 7JE, UK
Pedram Asef: Advanced Propulsion Laboratory (APL), Mechanical Engineering Department, University College London (UCL), London WC1E 7JE, UK
Mojtaba Mirsalim: Electrical Machines and Transformers Research Laboratory (EMTRL), Department of Electrical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15916, Iran

Energies, 2025, vol. 18, issue 9, 1-30

Abstract: Owing to the distinct advantages of stator–permanent magnet (PM) motors over other PM machines, their prominence in high-power-density applications is surging dramatically, capturing growing interest across diverse applications. This article proposes an innovative design procedure for two primary stator–PM motor types, flux switching and biased flux, yielding 30 novel motor designs. The procedure involves splitting teeth, incorporating a flux reversal effect, and embedding flux barriers into the conventional structure. The analytical reasons behind the novel motors’ architecture are mathematically expressed and verified using finite element analysis (FEA). Through an effective optimisation based on a multi-objective genetic algorithm, various feasible stator/rotor pole combinations are explored, with over 36,000 samples evaluated using FEA coupled with the algorithm. The electromagnetic characteristics of promising motors are analysed, revealing that adding the flux reversal effect and flux barriers, which reduce PM volume while decreasing leakage flux and enhancing air gap flux, improves torque production by up to 68%. Beyond torque enhancement, other electromagnetic parameters, including torque ripple, core loss, and the power factor, are also improved. The proposed motors enhance the PM torque density significantly by about 115% compared to conventional motors and reduce the motor costs. A generalised decision-making process and thermal analysis are applied to the top-performing motors. Additionally, the prototyping measures and considerations are thoroughly discussed. Finally, a comprehensive conclusion is reached.

Keywords: flux barriers; flux reversal; flux-switching machines; motor optimisation; stator–PM (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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