Biofuel that Keeps Glycerol as Monoglyceride by 1,3-Selective Ethanolysis with Pig Pancreatic Lipase Covalently Immobilized on AlPO 4 Support

Carlos Luna, Enrique Sancho, Diego Luna, Verónica Caballero, Juan Calero, Alejandro Posadillo, Cristóbal Verdugo, Felipa M. Bautista and Antonio A. Romero
Additional contact information
Carlos Luna: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
Enrique Sancho: Department of Microbiology, University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Severo Ochoa, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
Diego Luna: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
Verónica Caballero: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
Juan Calero: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
Alejandro Posadillo: Seneca Green Catalyst S.L., Campus de Rabanales, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
Cristóbal Verdugo: Crystallographic Studies Laboratory, Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences, CSIC, Avda. Las Palmeras nº4, 18100 Armilla, Granada, Spain
Felipa M. Bautista: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
Antonio A. Romero: Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Ed. Marie Curie, 14014 Córdoba, Spain

Energies, 2013, vol. 6, issue 8, 1-22

Abstract: By using pig pancreatic lipase (EC 3.1.1.3 or PPL) as a biocatalyst, covalently immobilized on amorphous AlPO 4 support, a new second generation biodiesel was obtained in the transesterification reaction of sunflower oil with ethanol. The resulting biofuel is composed of fatty acid ethyl esters and monoglycerides (FAEE/MG) blended in a 2:1 molar ratio. This novel product, which integrates glycerol as monoacylglycerols (MG) into the biofuels composition, has similar physicochemical properties as conventional biodiesel and also avoids the removal step of the by-product by washing of the biodiesel with water. Immobilization of PPL was achieved by covalent attachment of the ? -amino group of the lysine residues of PPL with the aldehyde groups of p -hydroxybenzaldehyde linked on a hybrid organic-inorganic functionalized AlPO 4 surface. With this procedure, the PPL biocatalyst was strongly fixed to the inorganic support surface (94.3%). Nevertheless, the efficiency of the immobilized enzyme was relatively lower compared to that of the free PPL, but it showed a remarkable stability as well as a great capacity of reutilization (25 reuses) without a significant loss of its initial catalytic activity. Therefore, this enzymatic method allows the production of a biodiesel which integrates the glycerol, allows a more efficient fabrication method and minimizes the waste production as compared to the conventional alkali-catalyzed process.

Keywords: biodiesel; immobilization; pig pancreaic lipase (PPL); amorphous AlPO 4; selective transesterification; monoglyceride; sunflower oil (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2013
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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