Catalytic Conversion of Bio-Oil to Oxygen-Containing Fuels by Acid-Catalyzed Reaction with Olefins and Alcohols over Silica Sulfuric Acid

Zhijun Zhang, Shujuan Sui, Fengqiang Wang, Qingwen Wang and Charles U. Pittman
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Zhijun Zhang: MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Shujuan Sui: MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Fengqiang Wang: MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Qingwen Wang: MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Charles U. Pittman: MOE Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science and Technology, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China

Energies, 2013, vol. 6, issue 9, 1-20

Abstract: Crude bio-oil from pine chip fast pyrolysis was upgraded with olefins (1-octene, cyclohexene, 1,7-octadiene, and 2,4,4-trimethylpentene) plus 1-butanol ( iso -butanol, t -butanol and ethanol) at 120 °C using a silica sulfuric acid (SSA) catalyst that possesses a good catalytic activity and stability. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H-NMR) analysis showed that upgrading sharply increased ester content and decreased the amounts of levoglucosan, phenols, polyhydric alcohols and carboxylic acids. Upgrading lowered acidity (pH value rose from 2.5 to >3.5), removed the unpleasant odor and increased hydrocarbon solubility. Water content dramatically decreased from 37.2% to about 7.0% and the heating value increased from 12.6 MJ·kg ?1 to about 31.9 MJ·kg ?1 . This work has proved that bio-oil upgrading with a primary olefin plus 1-butanol is a feasible route where all the original heating value of the bio-oil plus the added olefin and alcohol are present in the resulting fuel.

Keywords: real bio-oil upgrading; silica sulfuric acid; oxygen-containing fuels; olefin; alcohol (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2013
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