Energy Consumption of a Battery Electric Vehicle with Infinitely Variable Transmission

Francesco Bottiglione, Stefano De Pinto, Giacomo Mantriota and Aldo Sorniotti
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Francesco Bottiglione: Dipartimento di Meccanica, Matematica e Management, Politecnico di Bari, Bari 70176, Italy
Stefano De Pinto: Dipartimento di Meccanica, Matematica e Management, Politecnico di Bari, Bari 70176, Italy
Giacomo Mantriota: Dipartimento di Meccanica, Matematica e Management, Politecnico di Bari, Bari 70176, Italy
Aldo Sorniotti: Department of Mechanical Engineering Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK

Energies, 2014, vol. 7, issue 12, 1-21

Abstract: Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) represent a possible sustainable solution for personal urban transportation. Presently, the most limiting characteristic of BEVs is their short range, mainly because of battery technology limitations. A proper design and control of the drivetrain, aimed at reducing the power losses and thus increasing BEV range, can contribute to make the electrification of urban transportation a convenient choice. This paper presents a simulation-based comparison of the energy efficiency performance of six drivetrain architectures for BEVs. Although many different drivetrain and transmission architectures have been proposed for BEVs, no literature was found regarding BEVs equipped with infinitely variable transmissions (IVTs). The analyzed drivetrain configurations are: single- (1G) and two-speed (2G) gear drives, half toroidal (HT) and full toroidal (FT) continuously variable transmissions (CVTs), and infinitely variable transmissions (IVTs) with two different types of internal power flow (IVT-I and IVT-II). An off-line procedure for determining the most efficient control action for each drivetrain configuration is proposed, which allows selecting the optimal speed ratio for each operating condition. The energy consumption of the BEVs is simulated along the UDC (Urban Driving Cycle) and Japanese 10-15 driving cycle, with a backward facing approach. In order to achieve the lowest energy consumption, a trade-off between high transmission efficiency and flexibility in terms of allowed speed ratios is required.

Keywords: fully electric vehicles; power split transmissions; infinitely variable transmissions; powertrain optimization; energy efficiency (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (16)

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