Localized Climate and Surface Energy Flux Alterations across an Urban Gradient in the Central U.S

Jason A. Hubbart, Elliott Kellner, Lynne Hooper, Anthony R. Lupo, Patrick S. Market, Patrick E. Guinan, Kirsten Stephan, Neil I. Fox and Bohumil M. Svoma
Additional contact information
Jason A. Hubbart: Department of Forestry and Department of Soils, Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Natural Resources, Water Resources Program, University of Missouri, Director: Center for Watershed Management and Water Quality, 203-Q ABNR Building, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Elliott Kellner: School of Natural Resources, Water Resources Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Lynne Hooper: School of Natural Resources, Water Resources Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Anthony R. Lupo: Department of Soil, Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Patrick S. Market: Department of Soil, Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Patrick E. Guinan: Department of Soil, Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Kirsten Stephan: Department of Life and Physical Sciences, Lincoln University, 816 Chestnut St., Jefferson City, MO 65101, USA
Neil I. Fox: Department of Soil, Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
Bohumil M. Svoma: Department of Soil, Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA

Energies, 2014, vol. 7, issue 3, 1-22

Abstract: Long-term urban and rural climate data spanning January 1995 through October 2013 were analyzed to investigate the Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect in a representative mid-sized city of the central US. Locally distributed climate data were also collected at nested low density urban, recently developed, and high density urban monitoring sites from June through September 2013 to improve mechanistic understanding of spatial variability of the UHI effect based upon urban land use intensity. Long-term analyses (1995–2013) indicate significant differences ( p < 0.001) between average air temperature (13.47 and 12.89 °C, at the urban and rural site respectively), relative humidity (69.11% and 72.51%, urban and rural respectively), and average wind speed (2.05 and 3.15 m/s urban and rural respectively). Significant differences ( p < 0.001) between urban monitoring sites indicate an urban microclimate gradient for all climate variables except precipitation. Results of analysis of net radiation and soil heat flux data suggest distinct localized alterations in urban energy budgets due to land use intensity. Study results hold important implications for urban planners and land managers seeking to improve and implement better urban management practices. Results also reinforce the need for distributed urban energy balance investigations.

Keywords: urban heat island; microclimate; surface energy balance; land use; resilience (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2014
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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