Application of a Central Composite Design for the Study of NO x Emission Performance of a Low NO x Burner

Marcin Dutka, Mario Ditaranto and Terese Løvås
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Marcin Dutka: Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Kolbjørn Hejes vei 1b, Trondheim 7491, Norway
Mario Ditaranto: SINTEF Energy Research, Sem Sælands vei 11, Trondheim 7034, Norway
Terese Løvås: Department of Energy and Process Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Kolbjørn Hejes vei 1b, Trondheim 7491, Norway

Energies, 2015, vol. 8, issue 5, 1-22

Abstract: In this study, the influence of various factors on nitrogen oxides (NO x ) emissions of a low NO x burner is investigated using a central composite design (CCD) approach to an experimental matrix in order to show the applicability of design of experiments methodology to the combustion field. Four factors have been analyzed in terms of their impact on NO x formation: hydrogen fraction in the fuel (0%–15% mass fraction in hydrogen-enriched methane), amount of excess air (5%–30%), burner head position (20–25 mm from the burner throat) and secondary fuel fraction provided to the burner (0%–6%). The measurements were performed at a constant thermal load equal to 25 kW (calculated based on lower heating value). Response surface methodology and CCD were used to develop a second-degree polynomial regression model of the burner NO x emissions. The significance of the tested factors over their respective ranges has been evaluated using the analysis of variance and by the consideration of the coefficients of the model equation. Results show that hydrogen addition to methane leads to increased NO x emissions in comparison to emissions from pure methane combustion. Hydrogen content in a fuel is the strongest factor affecting NO x emissions among all the factors tested. Lower NO x formation because of increased excess air was observed when the burner was fuelled by pure methane, but this effect diminished for hydrogen-rich fuel mixtures. NO x emissions were slightly reduced when the burner head was shifted closer to the burner outer tube, whereas a secondary fuel stream provided to the burner was found to have no impact on NO x emissions over the investigated range of factors.

Keywords: burner; central composite design; hydrogen enrichment; nitrogen oxides (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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