Chemical Analysis of Different Parts of Date Palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) Using Ultimate, Proximate and Thermo-Gravimetric Techniques for Energy Production

Ramadan A. Nasser, Mohamed Z. M. Salem, Salim Hiziroglu, Hamad A. Al-Mefarrej, Ahmed S. Mohareb, Manawwer Alam and Ibrahim M. Aref
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Ramadan A. Nasser: Plant Production Department, Food and Agricultural Sciences College, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Mohamed Z. M. Salem: Forestry and Wood Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 2154, Egypt
Salim Hiziroglu: Department of Natural Resource Ecology and Management, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
Hamad A. Al-Mefarrej: Plant Production Department, Food and Agricultural Sciences College, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Ahmed S. Mohareb: Forestry and Wood Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture (El-Shatby), Alexandria University, Alexandria 2154, Egypt
Manawwer Alam: Research Center, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Ibrahim M. Aref: Plant Production Department, Food and Agricultural Sciences College, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia

Energies, 2016, vol. 9, issue 5, 1-14

Abstract: The objective of the study was to analyze chemical structure of date palm ( Phoenix dactylifera L.) by employing ultimate, proximate and thermo-gravimetric techniques. Samples from different anatomical parts of date palm, namely trunk, frond base, frond midrib, leaflets, coir, fruit stem, date stone, and fruit empty bunches were considered for the experiments. Based on the findings in this work palm leaflet samples gave the highest amount of extractives content (32.9%), followed by date palm stone specimens with 31.5%. Cellulose content values of 32.8% and 47.5% were obtained for date palm stone and palm coir samples, respectively. Overall the hemicellulose contents of all samples were relatively similar to those of typical wood or non-wood lignocellulosic materials with the two exceptions of palm coir and palm leaflets. Both palm coir and palm leaflet specimens had 12.6% and 16.1% hemicellulose content. Volatile matter values of 74.3% and 87.5% were determined for leaflets and fruit empty bunch samples. The ash content of the samples ranged from 1.4% for date stone to 15.2% for palm leaflet samples. The thermal decomposition was completed below a temperature of 500 °C with an exception of those samples taken from palm leaflets. Taken together the data indicate that date palm stone and palm coir revealed could be more viable for renewable energy production than the other specimens considered in this work.

Keywords: date palm; ultamiate analysis; proximate analysis; energy; thermo-gravimatric analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q Q0 Q4 Q40 Q41 Q42 Q43 Q47 Q48 Q49 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2016
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (9)

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