Fourier Analysis of Cerebral Metabolism of Glucose: Gender Differences in Mechanisms of Color Processing in the Ventral and Dorsal Streams in Mice

Philip C. Njemanze, Mathias Kranz and Peter Brust
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Philip C. Njemanze: Neurocybernetic Flow Laboratory, International Institutes of Advanced Research Training, Chidicon Medical Center, Owerri 460242, Nigeria
Mathias Kranz: Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden—Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Research Site Leipzig, Leipzig 04318, Germany
Peter Brust: Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden—Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Neuroradiopharmaceuticals, Research Site Leipzig, Leipzig 04318, Germany

Forecasting, 2018, vol. 1, issue 1, 1-22

Abstract: Conventional imaging methods could not distinguish processes within the ventral and dorsal streams. The application of Fourier time series analysis was helpful to segregate changes in the ventral and dorsal streams of the visual system in male and female mice. The present study measured the accumulation of [ 18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([ 18 F]FDG) in the mouse brain using small animal positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (PET/MRI) during light stimulation with blue and yellow filters, compared to during conditions of darkness. Fourier analysis was performed using mean standardized uptake values (SUV) of [ 18 F]FDG for each stimulus condition to derive spectral density estimates for each condition. In male mice, luminance opponency occurred by S-peak changes in the sub-cortical retino-geniculate pathways in the dorsal stream supplied by ganglionic arteries in the left visual cortex, while chromatic opponency involved C-peak changes in the cortico-subcortical pathways in the ventral stream perfused by cortical arteries in the left visual cortex. In female mice, there was resonance phenomenon at C-peak in the ventral stream perfused by the cortical arteries in the right visual cortex during luminance processing. Conversely, chromatic opponency caused by S-peak changes in the subcortical retino-geniculate pathways in the dorsal stream supplied by the ganglionic arteries in the right visual cortex. In conclusion, Fourier time series analysis uncovered distinct mechanisms of color processing in the ventral stream in males, while in female mice color processing was in the dorsal stream. It demonstrated that computation of colour processing as a conscious experience could have a wide range of applications in neuroscience, artificial intelligence and quantum mechanics.

Keywords: chromatic opponency; sex differences; light wave; light particle; blood flow; frequency; resonance (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: A1 B4 C0 C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C8 M0 Q2 Q3 Q4 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
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