An Environmentally Aware Scheme of Wireless Sensor Networks for Forest Fire Monitoring and Detection

Yi-Han Xu, Qiu-Ya Sun and Yu-Tong Xiao
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Yi-Han Xu: College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
Qiu-Ya Sun: College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
Yu-Tong Xiao: College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Future Internet, 2018, vol. 10, issue 10, 1-18

Abstract: Forest fires are a fatal threat to environmental degradation. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are regarded as a promising candidate for forest fire monitoring and detection since they enable real-time monitoring and early detection of fire threats in an efficient way. However, compared to conventional surveillance systems, WSNs operate under a set of unique resource constraints, including limitations with respect to transmission range, energy supply and computational capability. Considering that long transmission distance is inevitable in harsh geographical features such as woodland and shrubland, energy-efficient designs of WSNs are crucial for effective forest fire monitoring and detection systems. In this paper, we propose a novel framework that harnesses the benefits of WSNs for forest fire monitoring and detection. The framework employs random deployment, clustered hierarchy network architecture and environmentally aware protocols. The goal is to accurately detect a fire threat as early as possible while maintaining a reasonable energy consumption level. ns-2-based simulation validates that the proposed framework outperforms the conventional schemes in terms of detection delay and energy consumption.

Keywords: wireless sensor networks; forest surveillance system; forest fire detection system; energy efficient; fire reaction delay (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O3 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
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