Knowledge Distillation-Based GPS Spoofing Detection for Small UAV

Yingying Ren, Ryan D. Restivo, Wenkai Tan, Jian Wang (), Yongxin Liu, Bin Jiang, Huihui Wang and Houbing Song
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Yingying Ren: School of Computer, Electronic and Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China
Ryan D. Restivo: Department of Cybersecurity, St. Bonaventure University, St. Bonaventure, NY 14778, USA
Wenkai Tan: Department of Information Systems, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, MD 21250, USA
Jian Wang: Department of Computer Science, The University of Tennessee at Martin, Martin, TN 38238, USA
Yongxin Liu: Department of Mathematics, Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, Daytona Beach, FL 32114, USA
Bin Jiang: Department of Communication Engineering, College of Oceanography and Space Informatics, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
Huihui Wang: Department of Cybersecurity, St. Bonaventure University, St. Bonaventure, NY 14778, USA
Houbing Song: Department of Information Systems, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, MD 21250, USA

Future Internet, 2023, vol. 15, issue 12, 1-15

Abstract: As a core component of small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), GPS is playing a critical role in providing localization for UAV navigation. UAVs are an important factor in the large-scale deployment of the Internet of Things (IoT) and cyber–physical systems (CPS). However, GPS is vulnerable to spoofing attacks that can mislead a UAV to fly into a sensitive area and threaten public safety and private security. The conventional spoofing detection methods need too much overhead, which stops efficient detection from working in a computation-constrained UAV and provides an efficient response to attacks. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to obtain a lightweight detection model in the UAV system so that GPS spoofing attacks can be detected from a long distance. With long-short term memory (LSTM), we propose a lightweight detection model on the ground control stations, and then we distill it into a compact size that is able to run in the control system of the UAV with knowledge distillation. The experimental results show that our lightweight detection algorithm runs in UAV systems reliably and can achieve good performance in GPS spoofing detection.

Keywords: knowledge distillation; GPS spoofing; small UAV; long-short term memory; LSTM (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O3 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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