E-SAWM: A Semantic Analysis-Based ODF Watermarking Algorithm for Edge Cloud Scenarios

Lijun Zu, Hongyi Li, Liang Zhang (), Zhihui Lu, Jiawei Ye (), Xiaoxia Zhao and Shijing Hu
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Lijun Zu: School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
Hongyi Li: School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
Liang Zhang: Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd., Nanjing 210012, China
Zhihui Lu: School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
Jiawei Ye: School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
Xiaoxia Zhao: China UnionPay Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201210, China
Shijing Hu: School of Computer Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China

Future Internet, 2023, vol. 15, issue 9, 1-17

Abstract: With the growing demand for data sharing file formats in financial applications driven by open banking, the use of the OFD (open fixed-layout document) format has become widespread. However, ensuring data security, traceability, and accountability poses significant challenges. To address these concerns, we propose E-SAWM, a dynamic watermarking service framework designed for edge cloud scenarios. This framework incorporates dynamic watermark information at the edge, allowing for precise tracking of data leakage throughout the data-sharing process. By utilizing semantic analysis, E-SAWM generates highly realistic pseudostatements that exploit the structural characteristics of documents within OFD files. These pseudostatements are strategically distributed to embed redundant bits into the structural documents, ensuring that the watermark remains resistant to removal or complete destruction. Experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm has a minimal impact on the original file size, with the watermarked text occupying less than 15%, indicating a high capacity for carrying the watermark. Additionally, compared to existing explicit watermarking schemes for OFD files based on annotation structure, our proposed watermarking scheme is suitable for the technical requirements of complex dynamic watermarking in edge cloud scenario deployment. It effectively overcomes vulnerabilities associated with easy deletion and tampering, providing high concealment and robustness.

Keywords: edge cloud; OFD files; semantic analysis; dynamic watermarking (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O3 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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