Using ChatGPT in Software Requirements Engineering: A Comprehensive Review

Nuno Marques, Rodrigo Rocha Silva and Jorge Bernardino ()
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Nuno Marques: Coimbra Institute of Engineering—ISEC, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua Pedro Nunes, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal
Rodrigo Rocha Silva: Centre for Informatics and Systems of the University of Coimbra (CISUC), Pólo II, Pinhal de Marrocos, 3030-290 Coimbra, Portugal
Jorge Bernardino: Coimbra Institute of Engineering—ISEC, Polytechnic University of Coimbra, Rua Pedro Nunes, 3030-199 Coimbra, Portugal

Future Internet, 2024, vol. 16, issue 6, 1-21

Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) have had a significant impact on several domains, including software engineering. However, a comprehensive understanding of LLMs’ use, impact, and potential limitations in software engineering is still emerging and remains in its early stages. This paper analyzes the role of large language models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT-3.5, in software requirements engineering, a critical area in software engineering experiencing rapid advances due to artificial intelligence (AI). By analyzing several studies, we systematically evaluate the integration of ChatGPT into software requirements engineering, focusing on its benefits, challenges, and ethical considerations. This evaluation is based on a comparative analysis that highlights ChatGPT’s efficiency in eliciting requirements, accuracy in capturing user needs, potential to improve communication among stakeholders, and impact on the responsibilities of requirements engineers. The selected studies were analyzed for their insights into the effectiveness of ChatGPT, the importance of human feedback, prompt engineering techniques, technological limitations, and future research directions in using LLMs in software requirements engineering. This comprehensive analysis aims to provide a differentiated perspective on how ChatGPT can reshape software requirements engineering practices and provides strategic recommendations for leveraging ChatGPT to effectively improve the software requirements engineering process.

Keywords: ChatGPT; LLMs; software engineering; software requirements; generative AI (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O3 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
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