Smart Irrigation Systems from Cyber–Physical Perspective: State of Art and Future Directions

Mian Qian (), Cheng Qian, Guobin Xu, Pu Tian and Wei Yu ()
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Mian Qian: Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA
Cheng Qian: Department of Computer Science & Information Technology, Hood College, Frederick, MD 21701, USA
Guobin Xu: Department of Computer Science, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA
Pu Tian: Division of Computer and Science, Stockton University, Galloway, NJ 08205, USA
Wei Yu: Department of Computer and Information Sciences, Towson University, Towson, MD 21252, USA

Future Internet, 2024, vol. 16, issue 7, 1-23

Abstract: Irrigation refers to supplying water to soil through pipes, pumps, and spraying systems to ensure even distribution across the field. In traditional farming or gardening, the setup and usage of an agricultural irrigation system solely rely on the personal experience of farmers. The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (UN) has projected that by 2030, developing countries will expand their irrigated areas by 34%, while water consumption will only be up 14%. This discrepancy highlights the importance of accurately monitoring water flow and volume rather than people’s rough estimations. The smart irrigation systems, a key subsystem of smart agriculture known as the cyber–physical system (CPS) in the agriculture domain, automate the administration of water flow, volume, and timing via using cutting-edge technologies, especially the Internet of Things (IoT) technology, to solve the challenges. This study explores a comprehensive three-dimensional problem space to thoroughly analyze the IoT’s applications in irrigation systems. Our framework encompasses several critical domains in smart irrigation systems. These domains include soil science, sensor technology, communication protocols, data analysis techniques, and the practical implementations of automated irrigation systems, such as remote monitoring, autonomous operation, and intelligent decision-making processes. Finally, we discuss a few challenges and outline future research directions in this promising field.

Keywords: Internet of Things; smart agriculture; smart irrigation system; sensors (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O3 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2024
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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