Privacy Concerns in ChatGPT Data Collection and Its Impact on Individuals

Leena Mohammad Alzamil, Alawiayyah Mohammed Alhasani and Suhair Alshehri ()
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Leena Mohammad Alzamil: Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia
Alawiayyah Mohammed Alhasani: Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia
Suhair Alshehri: Faculty of Computing and Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 22254, Saudi Arabia

Future Internet, 2025, vol. 17, issue 11, 1-24

Abstract: With the rapid adoption of generative AI technologies across various sectors, it has become increasingly important to understand how these systems handle personal data. The study examines users’ awareness of the types of data collected, the risks involved, and their implications for privacy and security. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to contextualize the ethical, technical, and regulatory challenges associated with generative AI, followed by a pilot survey targeting ChatGPT users from a variety of demographics. The results of the study revealed a significant gap in users’ understanding of data practices, with many participants expressing concerns about unauthorized access to data, prolonged data retention, and a lack of transparency. Despite recognizing the benefits of ChatGPT in various applications, users expressed strong demands for greater control over their data, clearer consent mechanisms, and more transparent communication from developers. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for multi-dimensional solutions that combine technological innovation, regulatory reform, and user-centered design. Recommendations include implementing explainable AI, enhancing educational efforts, adopting privacy-by-design principles, and establishing robust governance frameworks. By addressing these challenges, developers, policymakers, and stakeholders can enhance trust, promote ethical AI deployment, and ensure that generative AI systems serve the public good while respecting individual rights and privacy.

Keywords: privacy; ChatGPT; user awareness; data collection; ethical AI (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O3 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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