1D-CNN-Based Performance Prediction in IRS-Enabled IoT Networks for 6G Autonomous Vehicle Applications

Radwa Ahmed Osman ()
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Radwa Ahmed Osman: Basic and Applied Science Institute, College of Engineering, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, Alexandria P.O. Box 1029, Egypt

Future Internet, 2025, vol. 17, issue 9, 1-28

Abstract: To foster the performance of wireless communication while saving energy, the integration of Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (IRS) into autonomous vehicle (AV) communication networks is considered a powerful technique. This paper proposes a novel IRS-assisted vehicular communication model that combines Lagrange optimization and Gradient-Based Phase Optimization to determine the optimal transmission power, optimal interference transmission power, and IRS phase shifts. Additionally, the proposed model help increase the Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) by utilizing IRS, which leads to maximizes energy efficiency and the achievable data rate under a variety of environmental conditions, while guaranteeing that resource limits are satisfied. In order to represent dense vehicular environments, practical constraints for the system model, such as IRS reflection efficiency and interference, have been incorporated from multiple sources, namely, Device-to-Device (D2D), Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V), Vehicle-to-Base Station (V2B), and Cellular User Equipment (CUE). A Lagrangian optimization approach has been implemented to determine the required transmission interference power and the best IRS phase designs in order to enhance the system performance. Consequently, a one-dimensional convolutional neural network has been implemented for the optimized data provided by this framework as training input. This deep learning algorithm learns to predict the required optimal IRS settings quickly, allowing for real-time adaptation in dynamic wireless environments. The obtained results from the simulation show that the combined optimization and prediction strategy considerably enhances the system reliability and energy efficiency over baseline techniques. This study lays a solid foundation for implementing IRS-assisted AV networks in real-world settings, hence facilitating the development of next-generation vehicular communication systems that are both performance-driven and energy-efficient.

Keywords: Intelligent Reflecting Surface (IRS); autonomous vehicles (AV); Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR); energy efficiency (EE); 1D convolutional neural network (1D-CNN); lagrangian optimization; vehicular networks (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: O3 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2025
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