The Role of Place of Delivery in Preventing Neonatal and Infant Mortality Rate in India

Ujjwal Das, Barkha Chaplot and Hazi Mohammad Azamathulla
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Ujjwal Das: Department of Public Health and Mortality, International Institution for Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai 400088, India
Barkha Chaplot: Department of Geography, M. J. K. College, Bettiah, BRA Bihar University, Muzaffarpur 845438, India
Hazi Mohammad Azamathulla: Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

Geographies, 2021, vol. 1, issue 1, 1-16

Abstract: Skilled birth attendance and institutional delivery have been advocated for reducing maternal, neonatal mortality and infant mortality (NMR and IMR). This paper examines the role of place of delivery with respect to neo-natal and infant mortality in India using four rounds of the Indian National Family Health Survey conducted in 2015–2016. The place of birth has been categorized as “at home” or “public and private institution.” The role of place of delivery on neo-natal and infant mortality was examined by using multivariate hazard regression models adjusted for clus-tering and relevant maternal, socio-economic, pregnancy and new-born characteristics. There were 141,028 deliveries recorded in public institutions and 54,338 in private institutions. The esti-mated neonatal mortality rate in public and private institutions during this period was 27 and 26 per 1000 live births respectively. The study shows that when the mother delivers child at home, the chances of neonatal mortality risks are higher than the mortality among children born at the health facility centers. Regression analysis also indicates that a professionally qualified provider?s antenatal treatment and assistance greatly decreases the risks of neonatal mortality. The results of the study illustrate the importance of the provision of institutional facilities and proper pregnancy in the prevention of neonatal and infant deaths. To improve the quality of care during and imme-diately after delivery in health facilities, particularly in public hospitals and in rural areas, accel-erated strengthening is required.

Keywords: neonatal; infant; mortality; private institution; multivariate hazard regression; socio-economic; pregnancy (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q15 Q5 Q53 Q54 Q56 Q57 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2021
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