Spatio-Temporal Dynamics and Physico-Hydrological Trends in Rainfall, Runoff and Land Use in Paraíba Watershed

Ailton Alves de Carvalho (), Marcelo José Gama da Silva, Fabiane Rabelo da Costa Batista, Jucilene Silva Araújo, Abelardo Antônio de Assunção Montenegro, Thieres George Freire da Silva, Thayná Alice Brito Almeida, Marcos Vinícius da Silva, Joelma Dias, Iara Tamires Rodrigues Cavalcante and Jhon Lennon Bezerra da Silva
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Ailton Alves de Carvalho: National Institute of the Semiarid (INSA), Department of Water Resources, Campina Grande 58434-700, Brazil
Marcelo José Gama da Silva: National Institute of the Semiarid (INSA), Department of Water Resources, Campina Grande 58434-700, Brazil
Fabiane Rabelo da Costa Batista: National Institute of the Semiarid (INSA), Department of Water Resources, Campina Grande 58434-700, Brazil
Jucilene Silva Araújo: National Institute of the Semiarid (INSA), Department of Water Resources, Campina Grande 58434-700, Brazil
Abelardo Antônio de Assunção Montenegro: Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Av. D. Manoel de Medeiros, Recife 52171-900, Brazil
Thieres George Freire da Silva: Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Av. D. Manoel de Medeiros, Recife 52171-900, Brazil
Thayná Alice Brito Almeida: Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Av. D. Manoel de Medeiros, Recife 52171-900, Brazil
Marcos Vinícius da Silva: Department of Vegetable Production, Federal University of Alagoas, Center for Agricultural Sciences, BR 104, Rio Largo 57100-000, Brazil
Joelma Dias: National Institute of the Semiarid (INSA), Department of Water Resources, Campina Grande 58434-700, Brazil
Iara Tamires Rodrigues Cavalcante: National Institute of the Semiarid (INSA), Department of Water Resources, Campina Grande 58434-700, Brazil
Jhon Lennon Bezerra da Silva: National Institute of the Semiarid (INSA), Department of Water Resources, Campina Grande 58434-700, Brazil

Geographies, 2023, vol. 3, issue 4, 1-14

Abstract: The detection and monitoring of changes in land use and land cover play a crucial role in understanding land degradation and are fundamental to preserving agroecosystems. Their association with hydrological information allows essential responses to changes in hydrological patterns to be identified, contributing to water security in watersheds. Therefore, this study aimed to assess spatio-temporal dynamics and physico-hydrological trends in rainfall, runoff and land use in the Paraíba watershed. The study was conducted in the Paraíba watershed, using land use data and information from pluviometric and fluviometric stations with temporal series of more than 30 years. The Mann-Kendall statistical test was adopted to verify trends. Results indicate annual reduction trends for both native forest area and water bodies in the Paraíba watershed. On the other hand, the area designated for agriculture showed a significant increase. The correlation analysis between water bodies and forests (R² = 0.63) highlights a strong association between the decrease in forest area and the reduction in water availability, influencing the decrease in annual flow. These results serve as a warning to expand water resource management for the region, aiming to preserve and to enhance sustainable use. Therefore, the implementation of conservation measures, monitoring procedures, and adequate management is required to face the challenges imposed by climate change and land use and occupation, ensuring the water availability for the future.

Keywords: reduction of Caatinga; semiarid; rainfall; river water flow (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: Q1 Q15 Q5 Q53 Q54 Q56 Q57 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2023
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