The Role of Australian Mosquito Species in the Transmission of Endemic and Exotic West Nile Virus Strains

Cassie C. Jansen, Scott A. Ritchie and Andrew F. Van den Hurk
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Cassie C. Jansen: Metro North Public Health Unit, Queensland Health, Windsor 4030, QLD, Australia
Scott A. Ritchie: School of Public Health Tropical Medicine and Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Cairns 4870, QLD, Australia
Andrew F. Van den Hurk: Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, Coopers Plains 4108, QLD, Australia

IJERPH, 2013, vol. 10, issue 8, 1-18

Abstract: Recent epidemic activity and its introduction into the Western Hemisphere have drawn attention to West Nile virus (WNV) as an international public health problem. Of particular concern has been the ability for the virus to cause outbreaks of disease in highly populated urban centers. Incrimination of Australian mosquito species is an essential component in determining the receptivity of Australia to the introduction and/or establishment of an exotic strain of WNV and can guide potential management strategies. Based on vector competence experiments and ecological studies, we suggest candidate Australian mosquito species that would most likely be involved in urban transmission of WNV, along with consideration of the endemic WNV subtype, Kunjin. We then examine the interaction of entomological factors with virological and vertebrate host factors, as well as likely mode of introduction, which may influence the potential for exotic WNV to become established and be maintained in urban transmission cycles in Australia.

Keywords: West Nile virus; vector; mosquito(es); Australia; Kunjin (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2013
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