Combined Effects of Soy Isoflavones and ?-Carotene on Osteoblast Differentiation

Yoriko Nishide, Yuko Tousen, Miki Tadaishi, Masaki Inada, Chisato Miyaura, Marlena C. Kruger and Yoshiko Ishimi
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Yoriko Nishide: Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
Yuko Tousen: Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
Miki Tadaishi: Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
Masaki Inada: Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
Chisato Miyaura: Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8588, Japan
Marlena C. Kruger: School of Food and Nutrition, Massey Institute of Food Science and Technology, Massey University, Private Bag 11-222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand
Yoshiko Ishimi: Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan

IJERPH, 2015, vol. 12, issue 11, 1-12

Abstract: Soy isoflavones, genistein, daidzein and its metabolite equol, as well as ?-carotene have been reported to be effective for maintaining bone health. However, it remains to be elucidated whether combining soy isoflavones with ?-carotene is beneficial to bone formation. This study investigated the combined effect of soy isoflavones and ?-carotene on the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 preosteoblastic cells. Daidzein and genistein alone did not affect cell growth but increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. Beta-carotene alone inhibited cell growth and markedly enhanced ALP activity. Soy isoflavones combined with ?-carotene resulted in higher ALP activity than treatment with isoflavones or ?-carotene alone. We observed significant main effects of ?-carotene on the enhanced expression of Runx2, ALP, and ostepontin mRNA, whereas there was a significant main effect of soy isoflavones on the expression of osterix mRNA. To investigate how ?-carotene affected osteoblast differentiation, MC3T3-E1 cells were treated with retinoic acid receptor (RAR) pan-antagonist combined with ?-carotene. Osteopontin and ALP mRNA expression levels, which were increased following treatment with ?-carotene, were significantly suppressed by the RAR pan-antagonist. This suggests treatment with ?-carotene enhanced early osteoblastic differentiation, at least in part via RAR signaling. These results indicate that a combination of isoflavones and ?-carotene may be useful for maintaining a positive balance of bone turnover by inducing osteoblast differentiation.

Keywords: soy isoflavones; ?-carotene; osteoblast differentiation; bone (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015
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