Anthropometric Status and Nutritional Intake in Children (6–9 Years) in Valencia (Spain): The ANIVA Study

María Morales-Suárez-Varela, Nuria Rubio-López, Candelaria Ruso, Agustín Llopis-Gonzalez, Elías Ruiz-Rojo, Maximino Redondo and Yolanda Pico
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María Morales-Suárez-Varela: Unit of Public Health, Hygiene and Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Legal Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain
Nuria Rubio-López: Unit of Public Health, Hygiene and Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Legal Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain
Candelaria Ruso: Unit of Public Health, Hygiene and Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Legal Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain
Agustín Llopis-Gonzalez: Unit of Public Health, Hygiene and Environmental Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Science, Toxicology and Legal Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain
Elías Ruiz-Rojo: CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain
Maximino Redondo: Biochemistry Departament, Agencia Sanitaria Costa del Sol, University of Malaga, Red de Investigación en Servicios de Salud en Enfermedades Crónicas (REDISSEC), Marbella 29603, Spain
Yolanda Pico: CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain

IJERPH, 2015, vol. 12, issue 12, 1-14

Abstract: The aim of our study was to assess nutritional intake and anthropometric statuses in schoolchildren to subsequently determine nutritional adequacy with Spanish Dietary Reference Intake (DRIs). The ANIVA study, a descriptive cross-sectional study, was conducted in 710 schoolchildren (6–9 years) in 2013–2014 in Valencia (Spain). Children’s dietary intake was measured using 3-day food records, completed by parents. Anthropometric measures (weight and height) were measured according to international standards, and BMI-for-age was calculated and converted into z-scores by WHO-Anthro for age and sex. Nutrient adequacy was assessed using DRI based on estimated average requirement (EAR) or adequate intake (AI). Pearson’s chi-square and Student’s t -test were employed. Of our study group (47.61% boys, 52.39% girls), 53.1% were normoweight and the weight of 46.9% was inadequate; of these, 38.6% had excess body weight (19.6% overweight and 19.0% obesity). We found intakes were lower for biotin, fiber, fluoride, vitamin D ( p < 0.016), zinc, iodine, vitamin E, folic acid, calcium and iron ( p < 0.017), and higher for lipids, proteins and cholesterol. Our results identify better nutritional adequacy to Spanish recommendations in overweight children. Our findings suggest that nutritional intervention and educational strategies are needed to promote healthy eating in these children and nutritional adequacies.

Keywords: child; dietary intake; anthropometric status; dietary recommendations (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015
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