Multidrug Efflux Pumps from Enterobacteriaceae, Vibrio cholerae and Staphylococcus aureus Bacterial Food Pathogens

Jody L. Andersen, Gui-Xin He, Prathusha Kakarla, Ranjana Kc, Sanath Kumar, Wazir Singh Lakra, Mun Mun Mukherjee, Indrika Ranaweera, Ugina Shrestha, Thuy Tran and Manuel F. Varela
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Jody L. Andersen: Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM 88130, USA
Gui-Xin He: Department of Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
Prathusha Kakarla: Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM 88130, USA
Ranjana Kc: Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM 88130, USA
Sanath Kumar: QC Laboratory, Harvest and Post-Harvest Technology Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Seven Bungalows, Versova, Andheri (W), Mumbai 400061, India
Wazir Singh Lakra: QC Laboratory, Harvest and Post-Harvest Technology Division, Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Seven Bungalows, Versova, Andheri (W), Mumbai 400061, India
Mun Mun Mukherjee: Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM 88130, USA
Indrika Ranaweera: Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM 88130, USA
Ugina Shrestha: Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM 88130, USA
Thuy Tran: Department of Clinical Laboratory and Nutritional Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA 01854, USA
Manuel F. Varela: Department of Biology, Eastern New Mexico University, Portales, NM 88130, USA

IJERPH, 2015, vol. 12, issue 2, 1-61

Abstract: Foodborne illnesses caused by bacterial microorganisms are common worldwide and constitute a serious public health concern. In particular, microorganisms belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae families of Gram-negative bacteria, and to the Staphylococcus genus of Gram-positive bacteria are important causative agents of food poisoning and infection in the gastrointestinal tract of humans. Recently, variants of these bacteria have developed resistance to medically important chemotherapeutic agents. Multidrug resistant Escherichia coli , Salmonella enterica , Vibrio cholerae , Enterobacter spp., and Staphylococcus aureus are becoming increasingly recalcitrant to clinical treatment in human patients. Of the various bacterial resistance mechanisms against antimicrobial agents, multidrug efflux pumps comprise a major cause of multiple drug resistance. These multidrug efflux pump systems reside in the biological membrane of the bacteria and actively extrude antimicrobial agents from bacterial cells. This review article summarizes the evolution of these bacterial drug efflux pump systems from a molecular biological standpoint and provides a framework for future work aimed at reducing the conditions that foster dissemination of these multidrug resistant causative agents through human populations.

Keywords: antimicrobial; bacteria; resistance; efflux pumps; multidrug resistance; food pathogens; Staphylococcus aureus; Enterobacteriaceae; Vibrionaceae; infection (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015
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