Annoyance Caused by Noise and Air Pollution during Pregnancy: Associated Factors and Correlation with Outdoor NO 2 and Benzene Estimations

Ana Fernández-Somoano, Sabrina Llop, Inmaculada Aguilera, Ibon Tamayo-Uria, María Dolores Martínez, Maria Foraster, Ferran Ballester and Adonina Tardón
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Ana Fernández-Somoano: Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain
Sabrina Llop: Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain
Inmaculada Aguilera: Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel 4002, Switzerland
Ibon Tamayo-Uria: Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain
María Dolores Martínez: Health Research Institute, Biodonostia, San Sebastián 20014, Spain
Maria Foraster: Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel 4002, Switzerland
Ferran Ballester: Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain
Adonina Tardón: Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid 28029, Spain

IJERPH, 2015, vol. 12, issue 6, 1-15

Abstract: This study aimed to describe the degree of annoyance among pregnant women in a Spanish cohort and to examine associations with proximity to traffic, NO 2 and benzene exposure. We included 2457 participants from the Spanish Childhood and Environment study. Individual exposures to outdoor NO 2 and benzene were estimated, temporally adjusted for pregnancy. Interviews about sociodemographic variables, noise and air pollution were carried out. Levels of annoyance were assessed using a scale from 0 (none) to 10 (strong and unbearable); a level of 8 to 10 was considered high. The reported prevalence of high annoyance levels from air pollution was 11.2% and 15.0% from noise; the two variables were moderately correlated (0.606). Significant correlations between NO 2 and annoyance from air pollution (0.154) and that from noise (0.181) were observed. Annoyance owing to noise and air pollution had a low prevalence in our Spanish population compared with other European populations. Both factors were associated with proximity to traffic. In multivariate models, annoyance from air pollution was related to NO 2 , building age, and country of birth; annoyance from noise was only related to the first two. The health burden of these exposures can be increased by stress caused by the perception of pollution sources.

Keywords: annoyance; benzene; environmental pollution; pregnancy; nitrogen dioxide; noise (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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