Seminal Shedding of CMV and HIV Transmission among Men Who Have Sex with Men

Sara Gianella, Konrad Scheffler, Sanjay R. Mehta, Susan J. Little, Lorri Freitas, Sheldon R. Morris and Davey M. Smith
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Sara Gianella: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
Konrad Scheffler: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
Sanjay R. Mehta: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
Susan J. Little: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
Lorri Freitas: County of San Diego Public Health Services, CA 92105, USA
Sheldon R. Morris: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
Davey M. Smith: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA

IJERPH, 2015, vol. 12, issue 7, 1-8

Abstract: As in many urban areas in the United States, the largest burden of the HIV epidemic in San Diego is borne by men who have sex with men (MSM). Using data from well-characterized HIV transmitting and non-transmitting partner pairs of MSM in San Diego, we calculated the population attributable risk (PAR) of HIV transmissions for different co-infections common among MSM in this area. We found that over a third of HIV transmissions could be potentially attributed to genital shedding of cytomegalovirus (CMV) (111 transmission events), compared to 21% potentially attributed to bacterial sexually transmitted infections (STI) (62 events) and 17% to herpes simplex virus type-2 (HSV-2) (51 events). Although our study cannot infer causality between the described associations and is limited in sample size, these results suggest that interventions aimed at reducing CMV shedding might be an attractive HIV prevention strategy in populations with high prevalence of CMV co-infection.

Keywords: HIV transmission; cytomegalovirus; HIV epidemics; men who have sex with men (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015
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