Application of Multi-Species Microbial Bioassay to Assess the Effects of Engineered Nanoparticles in the Aquatic Environment: Potential of a Luminous Microbial Array for Toxicity Risk Assessment (LumiMARA) on Testing for Surface-Coated Silver Nanoparticles

YounJung Jung, Chang-Beom Park, Youngjun Kim, Sanghun Kim, Stephan Pflugmacher and Seungyun Baik
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YounJung Jung: Environmental Safety Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Europe (KIST Europe) Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Universitaet des Saarlandes Campus E7 1, Saarbruecken 66123, Germany
Chang-Beom Park: Environmental Safety Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Europe (KIST Europe) Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Universitaet des Saarlandes Campus E7 1, Saarbruecken 66123, Germany
Youngjun Kim: Environmental Safety Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Europe (KIST Europe) Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Universitaet des Saarlandes Campus E7 1, Saarbruecken 66123, Germany
Sanghun Kim: Environmental Safety Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Europe (KIST Europe) Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Universitaet des Saarlandes Campus E7 1, Saarbruecken 66123, Germany
Stephan Pflugmacher: Institute of Ecology, Chair Ecological Impact Research and Ecotoxicology, Technische Universität Berlin, Ernst-Reuter-Platz 1, Berlin 10587, Germany
Seungyun Baik: Environmental Safety Group, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Europe (KIST Europe) Forschungsgesellschaft mbH, Universitaet des Saarlandes Campus E7 1, Saarbruecken 66123, Germany

IJERPH, 2015, vol. 12, issue 7, 1-15

Abstract: Four different manufactured surface-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with coating of citrate, tannic acid, polyethylene glycol, and branched polyethylenimine were used in this study. The toxicity of surface-coated AgNPs was evaluated by a luminous microbial array for toxicity risk assessment (LumiMARA) using multi-species of luminescent bacteria. The salt stability of four different AgNPs was measured by UV absorbance at 400 nm wavelength, and different surface-charged AgNPs in combination with bacteria were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both branched polyethylenimine (BPEI)-AgNPs and polyethylene glycol (PEG)-AgNPs were shown to be stable with 2% NaCl (non-aggregation), whereas both citrate (Cit)-AgNPs and tannic acid (Tan)-AgNPs rapidly aggregated in 2% NaCl solution. The values of the 50% effective concentration (EC 50 ) for BPEI-AgNPs in marine bacteria strains (1.57 to 5.19 mg/L) were lower than those for the other surface-coated AgNPs ( i.e. , Cit-AgNPs, Tan-AgNPs, and PEG-AgNPs). It appears that the toxicity of AgNPs could be activated by the interaction of positively charged AgNPs with the negatively charged bacterial cell wall from the results of LumiMARA. LumiMARA for toxicity screening has advantageous compared to a single-species bioassay and is applicable for environmental samples as displaying ranges of assessment results.

Keywords: surface-coated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs); salt stability; surface charge; ecotoxicological screening test; multi-species of luminescent bacteria (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2015
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