Effects of Particulate Matter and Its Chemical Constituents on Elderly Hospital Admissions Due to Circulatory and Respiratory Diseases

Tatiane Morais Ferreira, Maria Cristina Forti, Clarice Umbelino De Freitas, Felipe Parra Nascimento, Washington Leite Junger and Nelson Gouveia
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Tatiane Morais Ferreira: Pos-Graduate Program in Environmental Science, University of São Paulo, São Paulo SP 05508-010, Brazil
Maria Cristina Forti: Center of Earth System Science, National Institute for Space Research, São José dos Campos SP 12227-010, Brazil
Clarice Umbelino De Freitas: Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo SP 01246-903, Brazil
Felipe Parra Nascimento: Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo SP 01246-903, Brazil
Washington Leite Junger: Department of Epidemiology, Institute of Social Medicine, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro RJ 20550-900, Brazil
Nelson Gouveia: Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo SP 01246-903, Brazil

IJERPH, 2016, vol. 13, issue 10, 1-11

Abstract: Various fractions of particulate matter have been associated with increased mortality and morbidity. The purpose of our study is to analyze the associations between concentrations of PM 2.5 , PM 2.5–10 , PM 10 and their chemical constituents (soluble ions) with hospital admissions due to circulatory and respiratory diseases among the elderly in a medium-sized city in Brazil. A time series study was conducted using Poisson regression with generalized additive models adjusted for confounders. Statistically significant associations were identified between PM 10 and PM 2.5–10 and respiratory diseases. Risks of hospitalization increased by 23.5% (95% CI: 13.5; 34.3) and 12.8% (95% CI: 6.0; 20.0) per 10 ?g/m 3 of PM 2.5-10 and PM 10 , respectively. PM 2.5 exhibited a significant association with circulatory system diseases, with the risk of hospitalization increasing by 19.6% (95% CI: 6.4; 34.6) per 10 ?g/m 3 . Regarding the chemical species; SO 4 2? , NO 3 ? , NH 4 + and K + exhibited specific patterns of risk, relative to the investigated outcomes. Overall, SO 4 2? in PM 2.5–10 and K + in PM 2.5 were associated with increased risk of hospital admissions due to both types of diseases. The results agree with evidence indicating that the risks for different health outcomes vary in relation to the fractions and chemical composition of PM 10 . Thus, PM 10 speciation studies may contribute to the establishment of more selective pollution control policies.

Keywords: air pollution; chemical constituents; hospital admission; particulate matter; time series (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2016
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (4)

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