Urinary Mineral Concentrations in European Pre-Adolescent Children and Their Association with Calcaneal Bone Quantitative Ultrasound Measurements

Karen Van den Bussche, Diana Herrmann, Stefaan De Henauw, Yiannis A. Kourides, Fabio Lauria, Staffan Marild, Dénes Molnár, Luis A. Moreno, Toomas Veidebaum, Wolfgang Ahrens and Isabelle Sioen
Additional contact information
Karen Van den Bussche: Department of Public Health, Ghent University, 4K3, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent 9000, Belgium
Diana Herrmann: Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Achterstraβe 30, Bremen D-28359, Germany
Stefaan De Henauw: Department of Public Health, Ghent University, 4K3, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent 9000, Belgium
Yiannis A. Kourides: Child Health Research and Education Institute, 56 Stavrou Street, Strovolos 2035, Cyprus
Fabio Lauria: Unit of Epidemiology and Population Genetics, Institute of Food Sciences, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Avellino 83100, Italy
Staffan Marild: Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Queen Silvia Children’s Hospital, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Göteborg 416 85, Sweden
Dénes Molnár: Department of Pediatrics, University of Pécs, József Attila str. 7, Pécs H-7623, Hungary
Luis A. Moreno: GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón (IA2), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Aragón (IIS Aragón), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBERObn), Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Domingo Miral s/n, Zaragoza 50009, Spain
Toomas Veidebaum: Department of Chronic Diseases, National Institute for Health Development, Hiiu str. 42, Tallinn 11619, Estonia
Wolfgang Ahrens: Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology-BIPS, Achterstraβe 30, Bremen D-28359, Germany
Isabelle Sioen: Department of Public Health, Ghent University, 4K3, De Pintelaan 185, Ghent 9000, Belgium

IJERPH, 2016, vol. 13, issue 5, 1-17

Abstract: This study investigates differences and associations between urinary mineral concentrations and calcaneal bone measures assessed by quantitative ultrasonography (QUS) in 4322 children (3.1–11.9 years, 50.6% boys) from seven European countries. Urinary mineral concentrations and calcaneal QUS parameters differed significantly across countries. Clustering revealed a lower stiffness index (SI) in children with low and medium urinary mineral concentrations, and a higher SI in children with high urinary mineral concentrations. Urinary sodium (uNa) was positively correlated with urinary calcium (uCa), and was positively associated with broadband ultrasound attenuation and SI after adjustment for age, sex and fat-free mass. Urinary potassium (uK) was negatively correlated with uCa but positively associated with speed of sound after adjustment. No association was found between uCa and QUS parameters after adjustment, but when additionally adjusting for uNa, uCa was negatively associated with SI. Our findings suggest that urinary mineral concentrations are associated with calcaneal QUS parameters and may therefore implicate bone properties. These findings should be confirmed in longitudinal studies that include the food intake and repeated measurement of urinary mineral concentrations to better estimate usual intake and minimize bias.

Keywords: potassium; sodium; calcium; magnesium; phosphate; children; calcaneal quantitative ultrasound (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2016
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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