Acute Toxicity and Ecological Risk Assessment of Benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and Benzophenone-4 (BP-4) in Ultraviolet (UV)-Filters

Yang Du, Wen-Qian Wang, Zhou-Tao Pei, Fahmi Ahmad, Rou-Rou Xu, Yi-Min Zhang and Li-Wei Sun
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Yang Du: School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210042, China
Wen-Qian Wang: School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210042, China
Zhou-Tao Pei: School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210042, China
Fahmi Ahmad: School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210042, China
Rou-Rou Xu: School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210042, China
Yi-Min Zhang: Research Center of Watershed Ecological Conservation and Water Pollution Control, Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection of the People’s Republic of China, Nanjing 210042, China
Li-Wei Sun: School of Energy & Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210042, China

IJERPH, 2017, vol. 14, issue 11, 1-15

Abstract: Ultraviolet (UV)-absorbing chemicals (UV filters) are used in personal care products for the protection of human skin and hair from damage by UV radiation. Although these substances are released into the environment in the production and consumption processes, little is known about their ecotoxicology effects. The acute toxicity and potential ecological risk of UV filters benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and benzophenone-4 (BP-4) on Chlorella vulgaris , Daphnia magna , and Brachydanio rerio were analyzed in the present study. The EC 50 values (96 h) of BP-3 and BP-4 on C. vulgaris were 2.98 and 201.00 mg/L, respectively. The 48 h-LC 50 of BP-3 and BP-4 on D. magna were 1.09 and 47.47 mg/L, respectively. The 96 h-LC 50 of BP-3 and BP-4 on B. rerio were 3.89 and 633.00 mg/L, respectively. The toxicity of a mixture of BP-3 and BP-4 on C. vulgaris , D. magna , and B. rerio all showed antagonistic effects. The induced predicted no-effect concentrations of BP-3 and BP-4 by the assessment factor method were 1.80 × 10 ?3 and 0.47 mg/L, respectively, by assessment factor (AF) method, which were both lower than the concentrations detected in the environment at present, verifying that BP-3 and BP-4 remain low-risk chemicals to the aquatic ecosystem.

Keywords: benzophenone-3; benzophenone-4; UV filters; acute toxicity; ecological risk assessment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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