Risk Factors for Mortality among Adult HIV/AIDS Patients Following Antiretroviral Therapy in Southwestern Ethiopia: An Assessment through Survival Models

Dinberu Seyoum, Jean-Marie Degryse, Yehenew Getachew Kifle, Ayele Taye, Mulualem Tadesse, Belay Birlie, Akalu Banbeta, Angel Rosas-Aguirre, Luc Duchateau and Niko Speybroeck
Additional contact information
Dinberu Seyoum: Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels B-1082, Belgium
Jean-Marie Degryse: Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels B-1082, Belgium
Yehenew Getachew Kifle: Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa
Ayele Taye: School of Mathematical and Statistical Science, Hawassa University, P.O. Box 05, Ethiopia
Mulualem Tadesse: Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences and Pathology, College of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, P.O. Box 378, Ethiopia
Belay Birlie: Department of Statistics, Natural Science College, Jimma University, Jimma, PO Box 378, Ethiopia
Akalu Banbeta: Department of Statistics, Natural Science College, Jimma University, Jimma, PO Box 378, Ethiopia
Angel Rosas-Aguirre: Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels B-1082, Belgium
Luc Duchateau: Department of Comparative Physiology and Biometrics, Ghent University, Ghent B-9000, Belgium
Niko Speybroeck: Institute of Health and Society (IRSS), Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels B-1082, Belgium

IJERPH, 2017, vol. 14, issue 3, 1-12

Abstract: Introduction: Efforts have been made to reduce HIV/AIDS-related mortality by delivering antiretroviral therapy (ART) treatment. However, HIV patients in resource-poor settings are still dying, even if they are on ART treatment. This study aimed to explore the factors associated with HIV/AIDS-related mortality in Southwestern Ethiopia. Method: A non-concurrent retrospective cohort study which collected data from the clinical records of adult HIV/AIDS patients, who initiated ART treatment and were followed between January 2006 and December 2010, was conducted, to explore the factors associated with HIV/AIDS-related mortality at Jimma University Specialized Hospital (JUSH). Survival times (i.e., the time from the onset of ART treatment to the death or censoring) and different characteristics of patients were retrospectively examined. A best-fit model was chosen for the survival data, after the comparison between native semi-parametric Cox regression and parametric survival models (i.e., exponential, Weibull, and log-logistic). Result: A total of 456 HIV patients were included in the study, mostly females (312, 68.4%), with a median age of 30 years (inter-quartile range (IQR): 23–37 years). Estimated follow-up until December 2010 accounted for 1245 person-years at risk (PYAR) and resulted in 66 (14.5%) deaths and 390 censored individuals, representing a median survival time of 34.0 months ( IQR: 22.8–42.0 months). The overall mortality rate was 5.3/100 PYAR: 6.5/100 PYAR for males and 4.8/100 PYAR for females. The Weibull survival model was the best model for fitting the data (lowest AIC). The main factors associated with mortality were: baseline age (>35 years old, AHR = 3.8, 95% CI: 1.6–9.1), baseline weight (AHR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.90–0.97), baseline WHO stage IV (AHR = 6.2, 95% CI: 2.2–14.2), and low adherence to ART treatment (AHR = 4.2, 95% CI: 2.5–7.1). Conclusion: An effective reduction in HIV/AIDS mortality could be achieved through timely ART treatment onset and maintaining high levels of treatment adherence.

Keywords: antiretroviral therapy (ART); HIV/AIDS; parametric survival model; Ethiopia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/14/3/296/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/14/3/296/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:14:y:2017:i:3:p:296-:d:92865

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().