FADS Gene Polymorphisms, Fatty Acid Desaturase Activities, and HDL-C in Type 2 Diabetes

Meng-Chuan Huang, Wen-Tsan Chang, Hsin-Yu Chang, Hsin-Fang Chung, Fang-Pei Chen, Ya-Fang Huang, Chih-Cheng Hsu and Shang-Jyh Hwang
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Meng-Chuan Huang: Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine and Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
Wen-Tsan Chang: Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
Hsin-Yu Chang: Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine and Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
Hsin-Fang Chung: School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4006, Australia
Fang-Pei Chen: Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Chang-Jung Christian University, Tainan 71101, Taiwan
Ya-Fang Huang: Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
Chih-Cheng Hsu: Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Road, Zhunan, Miaoli County 35053, Taiwan
Shang-Jyh Hwang: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University and University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan

IJERPH, 2017, vol. 14, issue 6, 1-11

Abstract: Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) correlate with risk of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases. Fatty acid desaturase ( FADS ) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) modulate circulating PUFA concentrations. This study examined influence of FADS1 and FADS2 genetic variants on desaturase activities and blood lipid concentrations in type 2 diabetes patients, and further assessed their interrelationships. Selected SNPs ( FADS1 : rs174547, rs174548, rs174550; FADS2 : rs174575, rs174576, rs174583, rs498793 and rs2727270) were genotyped in 820 type 2 diabetes patients and compared with those reported in the HapMap. Patient subgroups ( n = 176) without taking lipid-lowering medicine were studied to assess influence of tag SNPs including rs174547, rs174575, rs498793 and rs2727270 on delta-5 desaturase (D5D: 20:4 (n-6)/20:3 (n-6)) and delta-6 desaturase (D6D:18:3 (n-6)/18:2 (n-6)) activities, and blood lipids. FADS1 rs174547 TT/TC/CC and FADS2 rs2727270 CC/CT/TT were significantly ( p for trend < 0.05) associated with reduced HDL-C, D5D and D6D activities. Upon adjustment for confounders, D5D ( p = 0.006) correlated significantly and D6D marginally ( p = 0.07) correlated with increased HDL-C levels, whereas rs174547 and rs2727270 polymorphisms were not associated. D6D andD5D activities may play a role in modulating HDL-C levels in type 2 diabetes. Future studies with larger sample sizes are needed to investigate how FADS genetic variations interact with desaturase activities or PUFAs in the metabolism of lipoproteins in diabetic patients.

Keywords: diabetes; FADS1; FADS2; HDL; genetic polymorphisms; polyunsaturated fatty acids (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
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