Dissipation and Residues of Pyrethrins in Leaf Lettuce under Greenhouse and Open Field Conditions

Lixiang Pan, Xiaoxiao Feng and Hongyan Zhang
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Lixiang Pan: College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Xiaoxiao Feng: College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Hongyan Zhang: College of Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

IJERPH, 2017, vol. 14, issue 7, 1-9

Abstract: Pyrethrins are nowadays widely used for prevention and control of insects in leaf lettuce. However, there is a concern about the pesticide residue in leaf lettuce. A reliable analytical method for determination of pyrethrins (pyrethrin—and ?, cinerin ? and ?, and jasmolin ? and ?) in leaf lettuce was developed by using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Recoveries of pyrethrins in leaf lettuce at three spiking levels were 99.4–104.0% with relative standard deviations of 0.9–3.1% ( n = 5). Evaluation of dissipation and final residues of pyrethrins in leaf lettuce were determined at six different locations, including the open field, as well as under greenhouse conditions. The initial concentration of pyrethrins in greenhouse (0.57 mg/kg) was higher than in open field (0.25 mg/kg) and the half-life for pyrethrins disappearance in field lettuce (0.7 days) was less than that greenhouse lettuce (1.1 days). Factors such as rainfall, solar radiation, wind speed, and crop growth rate are likely to have caused these results. The final residue in leaf lettuce was far below the maximum residue limits (MRLs) (1 mg/kg established by the European Union (EU), Australia, Korea, Japan).

Keywords: dissipation; residue; leaf lettuce; pyrethrins; GC/MS (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2017
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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