Biofouling Mitigation by Chloramination during Forward Osmosis Filtration of Wastewater

Takahiro Fujioka, Kha H. Nguyen, Anh Tram Hoang, Tetsuro Ueyama, Hidenari Yasui, Mitsuharu Terashima and Long D. Nghiem
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Takahiro Fujioka: Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
Kha H. Nguyen: R&D Division, Kyowakiden Industry Co., Ltd., 10-2 Kawaguchi-Machi, Nagasaki 852-8108, Japan
Anh Tram Hoang: Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
Tetsuro Ueyama: Graduate School of Engineering, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
Hidenari Yasui: Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
Mitsuharu Terashima: Faculty of Environmental Engineering, The University of Kitakyushu, 1-1 Hibikino, Wakamatsu, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka 808-0135, Japan
Long D. Nghiem: Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia

IJERPH, 2018, vol. 15, issue 10, 1-11

Abstract: Pre-concentration is essential for energy and resource recovery from municipal wastewater. The potential of forward osmosis (FO) membranes to pre-concentrate wastewater for subsequent biogas production has been demonstrated, although biofouling has also emerged as a prominent challenge. This study, using a cellulose triacetate FO membrane, shows that chloramination of wastewater in the feed solution at 3–8 mg/L residual monochloramine significantly reduces membrane biofouling. During a 96-h pre-concentration, flux in the chloraminated FO system decreased by only 6% and this flux decline is mostly attributed to the increase in salinity (or osmotic pressure) of the feed due to pre-concentration. In contrast, flux in the non-chloraminated FO system dropped by 35% under the same experimental conditions. When the feed was chloraminated, the number of bacterial particles deposited on the membrane surface was significantly lower compared to a non-chloraminated wastewater feed. This study demonstrated, for the first time, the potential of chloramination to inhibit bacteria growth and consequently biofouling during pre-concentration of wastewater using a FO membrane.

Keywords: chloramine; forward osmosis; membrane fouling; pre-concentration; wastewater treatment (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
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