Cigarette Smoking Modulation of Saliva Microbial Composition and Cytokine Levels

Mary Rodríguez-Rabassa, Pablo López, Ronald E. Rodríguez-Santiago, Antonio Cases, Marcos Felici, Raphael Sánchez, Yasuhiro Yamamura and Vanessa Rivera-Amill
Additional contact information
Mary Rodríguez-Rabassa: AIDS Research Infrastructure Program, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, 395 Dr. Luis F. Sala Street, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA
Pablo López: AIDS Research Infrastructure Program, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, 395 Dr. Luis F. Sala Street, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA
Ronald E. Rodríguez-Santiago: AIDS Research Infrastructure Program, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, 395 Dr. Luis F. Sala Street, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA
Antonio Cases: Tobacco Control and Oral Health Division, Department of Health, Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00716-2348, USA
Marcos Felici: Tobacco Control and Oral Health Division, Department of Health, Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00716-2348, USA
Raphael Sánchez: AIDS Research Infrastructure Program, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, 395 Dr. Luis F. Sala Street, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA
Yasuhiro Yamamura: AIDS Research Infrastructure Program, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, 395 Dr. Luis F. Sala Street, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA
Vanessa Rivera-Amill: AIDS Research Infrastructure Program, Ponce Research Institute, Ponce Health Sciences University, 395 Dr. Luis F. Sala Street, Ponce, PR 00716-2348, USA

IJERPH, 2018, vol. 15, issue 11, 1-16

Abstract: Tobacco use has been implicated as an immunomodulator in the oral cavity and contributes to the development of oral cancer. In the present study, we investigated the effects of cigarette smoking on bacterial diversity and host responses compared to healthy nonsmoking controls. Saliva samples were collected from eighteen smokers and sixteen nonsmoking individuals by passive drool. The 16S rRNA gene was used to characterize the salivary microbiome by using the Illumina MiSeq platform. Cytokine and chemokine expression analyses were performed to evaluate the host response. Significant differences in cytokine and chemokine expression levels of MDC, IL-10, IL-5, IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), insulin, and leptin were observed between smokers and nonsmokers. Taxonomic analyses revealed differences between the two groups, and some bacterial genera associated with the smokers group had correlations with hormones and cytokines identified as statistically different between smokers and nonsmokers. These factors have been associated with inflammation and carcinogenesis in the oral cavity. The data obtained may aid in the identification of the interactions between the salivary microbiome, host inflammatory responses, and metabolism in smokers.

Keywords: tobacco; smoking; saliva; microbiome; cytokines (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (3)

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