Long-Term Effect of Outdoor Air Pollution on Mortality and Morbidity: A 12-Year Follow-Up Study for Metropolitan France

Shreosi Sanyal, Thierry Rochereau, Cara Nichole Maesano, Laure Com-Ruelle and Isabella Annesi-Maesano
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Shreosi Sanyal: Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department, IPLESP, Medical School Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université and INSERM, F75012 Paris, France
Thierry Rochereau: Institute for Research and Documentation in Health Economics, F75019 Paris, France
Cara Nichole Maesano: Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department, IPLESP, Medical School Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université and INSERM, F75012 Paris, France
Laure Com-Ruelle: Institute for Research and Documentation in Health Economics, F75019 Paris, France
Isabella Annesi-Maesano: Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases Department, IPLESP, Medical School Saint-Antoine, Sorbonne Université and INSERM, F75012 Paris, France

IJERPH, 2018, vol. 15, issue 11, 1-8

Abstract: Background: Short-term effects of air pollution are documented more than long-term effects. Objective: We investigated 12-year impacts of ambient air pollutants on cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity and mortality at the departmental level in metropolitan France. Methods: Daily air pollution data at 2-km resolution, including concentrations of particulate matter of 10 µm or 2.5 µm in diameter or less (PM 10 and PM 2.5 ), nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), and ozone (O 3 ), were accrued from the CHIMERE database for 1999 and 2000. Simultaneously, morbidity (hospitalizations) and mortality data were collected in 2012 using the ESPS (Enquête Santé et Protection Sociale/Health, Health Care and Insurance Survey) survey data and the CepiDc (Centre d’Épidémiologie sur les Causes Médicales de Décès/French Epidemiology Centre on Medical Causes of Death) database. Based on Poisson regression analyses, the long-term effect was estimated. A higher risk of all-cause mortality was observed using CépiDc database, with a relative risk of 1.024 (95% CI: 1.022, 1.026) and 1.029 (95% CI: 1.027, 1.031) for a 10 µg/m 3 increase in PM 2.5 and PM 10 , respectively. Mortality due to cardiovascular and respiratory diseases likewise exhibited long-term associations with both PM 2.5 and PM 10 . Using ESPS survey data, a significant risk was observed for both PM 2.5 and PM 10 in all-cause mortality and all-cause morbidity. Although a risk for higher all-cause mortality and morbidity was also present for NO 2 , the cause-specific relative risk due to NO 2 was found to be lesser, as compared to PM. Nevertheless, cardiovascular and respiratory morbidity were related to NO 2 , along with PM 2.5 and PM 10 . However, the health effect of O 3 was seen to be substantially lower in comparison to the other pollutants. Conclusion: Our study confirmed that PM has a long-term impact on mortality and morbidity. Exposure to NO 2 and O 3 could also lead to increased health risks.

Keywords: air pollution; morbidity; mortality; respiratory diseases; cardiovascular diseases (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (6)

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