The Role of Vitamin D and Oxidative Stress in Chronic Kidney Disease

Keith C. Norris, Opeyemi Olabisi, M. Edwina Barnett, Yuan-Xiang Meng, David Martins, Chamberlain Obialo, Jae Eun Lee and Susanne B. Nicholas
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Keith C. Norris: Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA
Opeyemi Olabisi: Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02138, USA
M. Edwina Barnett: RCMI Translational Research Network Data Coordinating Center, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
Yuan-Xiang Meng: Department of Family Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
David Martins: Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA
Chamberlain Obialo: Department of Family Medicine, Morehouse School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30310, USA
Jae Eun Lee: RCMI Translational Research Network Data Coordinating Center, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS 39217, USA
Susanne B. Nicholas: Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA

IJERPH, 2018, vol. 15, issue 12, 1-7

Abstract: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major non-communicable disease associated with high rates of premature morbidity and mortality. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D (deficiency of 25(OH)D or 25D) is greater in racial/ethnic minorities and in patients with CKD than the general population. Low 25D is associated with bone and mineral disorders as well as immune, cardiometabolic and cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Thus, it has been suggested that low 25D contributes to the poor outcomes in patients with CKD. The prevalence of hypovitaminosis D rises progressively with advancing severity of kidney disease with over 30% of patients with CKD stage 3 and 70% patients with CKD stage 5 estimated to have low levels of 25D. This report describes several of the abnormal physiologic and counter-regulatory actions related to low 25D in CKD such as those in oxidative stress and inflammatory systems, and some of the preclinical and clinical evidence, or lack thereof, of normalizing serum 25D levels to improve outcomes in patients with CKD, and especially for the high risk subset of racial/ethnic minorities who suffer from higher rates of advanced CKD and hypovitaminosis D.

Keywords: vitamin D; oxidative stress; kidney disease; disparities (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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