Emerging Mosquito-Borne Threats and the Response from European and Eastern Mediterranean Countries

Nicholas Johnson, Mar Fernández de Marco, Armando Giovannini, Carla Ippoliti, Maria Luisa Danzetta, Gili Svartz, Oran Erster, Martin H. Groschup, Ute Ziegler, Ali Mirazimi, Vanessa Monteil, Cecile Beck, Gaelle Gonzalez, Sylvie Lecollinet, Houssam Attoui and Sara Moutailler
Additional contact information
Nicholas Johnson: Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Woodham Lane, Addelstone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
Mar Fernández de Marco: Animal and Plant Health Agency (APHA), Woodham Lane, Addelstone, Surrey KT15 3NB, UK
Armando Giovannini: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise Guiseppe Capporale, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
Carla Ippoliti: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise Guiseppe Capporale, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
Maria Luisa Danzetta: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise Guiseppe Capporale, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy
Gili Svartz: Division of Virology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, POB 12, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
Oran Erster: Division of Virology, Kimron Veterinary Institute, POB 12, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
Martin H. Groschup: Friedrich-Loeffler-Insitut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany
Ute Ziegler: Friedrich-Loeffler-Insitut, Südufer 10, 17493 Greifswald, Insel Riems, Germany
Ali Mirazimi: Karolinska Institute, Nobel vägsalle, 16161 Stockholm, Sweden
Vanessa Monteil: Karolinska Institute, Nobel vägsalle, 16161 Stockholm, Sweden
Cecile Beck: UMR 1161 Virologie, Animal Health Laboratory, ANSES, INRA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
Gaelle Gonzalez: UMR 1161 Virologie, Animal Health Laboratory, ANSES, INRA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
Sylvie Lecollinet: UMR 1161 Virologie, Animal Health Laboratory, ANSES, INRA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
Houssam Attoui: UMR 1161 Virologie, Animal Health Laboratory, ANSES, INRA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
Sara Moutailler: UMR BIPAR, Animal Health Laboratory, ANSES, INRA, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d’Alfort, Université Paris-Est, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France

IJERPH, 2018, vol. 15, issue 12, 1-17

Abstract: Mosquito-borne viruses are the cause of some of the greatest burdens to human health worldwide, particularly in tropical regions where both human populations and mosquito numbers are abundant. Due to a combination of anthropogenic change, including the effects on global climate and wildlife migration there is strong evidence that temperate regions are undergoing repeated introduction of mosquito-borne viruses and the re-emergence of viruses that previously were not detected by surveillance. In Europe, the repeated introductions of West Nile and Usutu viruses have been associated with bird migration from Africa, whereas the autochthonous transmission of chikungunya and dengue viruses has been driven by a combination of invasive mosquitoes and rapid transcontinental travel by infected humans. In addition to an increasing number of humans at risk, livestock and wildlife, are also at risk of infection and disease. This in turn can affect international trade and species diversity, respectively. Addressing these challenges requires a range of responses both at national and international level. Increasing the understanding of mosquito-borne transmission of viruses and the development of rapid detection methods and appropriate therapeutics (vaccines / antivirals) all form part of this response. The aim of this review is to consider the range of mosquito-borne viruses that threaten public health in Europe and the eastern Mediterranean, and the national response of a number of countries facing different levels of threat.

Keywords: West Nile virus; Usutu virus; mosquito; Culex pipiens; Aedes albopictus (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/12/2775/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/12/2775/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:15:y:2018:i:12:p:2775-:d:188702

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().