Seasonal and Spatial Variability of Anthropogenic and Natural Factors Influencing Groundwater Quality Based on Source Apportionment

Xueru Guo, Rui Zuo, Li Meng, Jinsheng Wang, Yanguo Teng, Xin Liu and Minhua Chen
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Xueru Guo: College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Rui Zuo: College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Li Meng: College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Jinsheng Wang: College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Yanguo Teng: College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Xin Liu: College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
Minhua Chen: College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

IJERPH, 2018, vol. 15, issue 2, 1-19

Abstract: Globally, groundwater resources are being deteriorated by rapid social development. Thus, there is an urgent need to assess the combined impacts of natural and enhanced anthropogenic sources on groundwater chemistry. The aim of this study was to identify seasonal characteristics and spatial variations in anthropogenic and natural effects, to improve the understanding of major hydrogeochemical processes based on source apportionment. 34 groundwater points located in a riverside groundwater resource area in northeast China were sampled during the wet and dry seasons in 2015. Using principal component analysis and factor analysis, 4 principal components (PCs) were extracted from 16 groundwater parameters. Three of the PCs were water-rock interaction (PC 1 ), geogenic Fe and Mn (PC 2 ), and agricultural pollution (PC 3 ). A remarkable difference (PC 4 ) was organic pollution originating from negative anthropogenic effects during the wet season, and geogenic F enrichment during the dry season. Groundwater exploitation resulted in dramatic depression cone with higher hydraulic gradient around the water source area. It not only intensified dissolution of calcite, dolomite, gypsum, Fe, Mn and fluorine minerals, but also induced more surface water recharge for the water source area. The spatial distribution of the PCs also suggested the center of the study area was extremely vulnerable to contamination by Fe, Mn, COD, and F − .

Keywords: groundwater quality; groundwater-river water interaction; hydrochemistry; seasonal and spatial distribution; principal component analysis; factor analysis (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
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