Biosorption of Cadmium by Non-Toxic Extracellular Polymeric Substances (EPS) Synthesized by Bacteria from Marine Intertidal Biofilms

Juan Carlos Camacho-Chab, María Del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez, Manuel Jesús Chan-Bacab, Ruth Noemí Aguila-Ramírez, Itzel Galaviz-Villa, Pascual Bartolo-Pérez, Fabiola Lango-Reynoso, Carolina Tabasco-Novelo, Christine Gaylarde and Benjamín Otto Ortega-Morales
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Juan Carlos Camacho-Chab: Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Boca del Río, Laboratorio de Investigación en Recursos Acuáticos LIRA, Kilómetro 12, Carretera Veracruz-Córdoba, Boca del Río 94290, Veracruz, Mexico
María Del Refugio Castañeda-Chávez: Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Boca del Río, Laboratorio de Investigación en Recursos Acuáticos LIRA, Kilómetro 12, Carretera Veracruz-Córdoba, Boca del Río 94290, Veracruz, Mexico
Manuel Jesús Chan-Bacab: Departamento de Microbiología Ambiental y Biotecnología DEMAB, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Colonia Buenavista, San Francisco de Campeche 24039, Campeche, Mexico
Ruth Noemí Aguila-Ramírez: Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas (CICIMAR), Laboratorio de Microbiología y Biología Molecular. La Paz 23096, Baja California Sur, Mexico
Itzel Galaviz-Villa: Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Boca del Río, Laboratorio de Investigación en Recursos Acuáticos LIRA, Kilómetro 12, Carretera Veracruz-Córdoba, Boca del Río 94290, Veracruz, Mexico
Pascual Bartolo-Pérez: Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV-Mérida) Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mérida 97310, Yucatán, Mexico
Fabiola Lango-Reynoso: Tecnológico Nacional de México/Instituto Tecnológico de Boca del Río, Laboratorio de Investigación en Recursos Acuáticos LIRA, Kilómetro 12, Carretera Veracruz-Córdoba, Boca del Río 94290, Veracruz, Mexico
Carolina Tabasco-Novelo: Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV-Mérida) Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mérida 97310, Yucatán, Mexico
Christine Gaylarde: Department of Microbiology and Plant Biology, Oklahoma University, 770 Van Vleet Oval, Norman, OK 73019, USA
Benjamín Otto Ortega-Morales: Departamento de Microbiología Ambiental y Biotecnología DEMAB, Universidad Autónoma de Campeche, Colonia Buenavista, San Francisco de Campeche 24039, Campeche, Mexico

IJERPH, 2018, vol. 15, issue 2, 1-11

Abstract: Cadmium is a major heavy metal found in polluted aquatic environments, mainly derived from industrial production processes. We evaluated the biosorption of solubilized Cd 2+ using the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by Bacillus sp. MC3B-22 and Microbacterium sp. MC3B-10 (Microbactan); these bacteria were originally isolated from intertidal biofilms off the coast of Campeche, Mexico. EPS were incubated with different concentrations of cadmium in ultrapure water. Residual Cd 2+ concentrations were determined by Inductive Coupled Plasma-Optic Emission Spectrometry and the maximum sorption capacity (Qmax) was calculated according to the Langmuir model. EPS were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) before and after sorption. The Qmax of Cd 2+ was 97 mg g −1 for Microbactan and 141 mg g −1 for MC3B-22 EPS, these adsorption levels being significantly higher than previously reported for other microbial EPS. In addition, XPS analysis revealed changes in structure of EPS after biosorption and showed that amino functional groups contributed to the binding of Cd 2+ , unlike other studies that show the carbohydrate fraction is responsible for this activity. This work expands the current view of bacterial species capable of synthesizing EPS with biosorbent potential for cadmium and provides evidence that different chemical moieties, other than carbohydrates, participate in this process.

Keywords: aquatic environments; bioremediation; biosorption; cadmium; extracellular polymeric substances (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
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