Fractionation, Bioaccessibility, and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Soil of an Urban Recreational Area Amended with Composted Sewage Sludge

Kai Yang, Tao Zhang, Yanqiu Shao, Chao Tian, Stephen R. Cattle, Ying Zhu and Jinjuan Song
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Kai Yang: Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
Tao Zhang: Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
Yanqiu Shao: Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
Chao Tian: Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
Stephen R. Cattle: Sydney Institute of Agriculture, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, Eveleigh, NSW 2015, Australia
Ying Zhu: Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
Jinjuan Song: Quality, Safety and Environmental Protection Department, China International Water and Electric Corporation, Beijing 100120, China

IJERPH, 2018, vol. 15, issue 4, 1-15

Abstract: A composted sewage sludge (CSS) was added to the soil of an urban garden at 5%, 10%, and 25% ( w / w soil) and stabilised for 180 days. Samples were then collected and analysed for total heavy metal concentrations, chemical fractions, and bioaccessibility, together with some physicochemical properties. The results showed that the total chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) concentrations were increased with CSS addition rate. The CSS addition decreased the residual fractions of these four elements. The exchangeable Cr, Cu, and Pb fractions were very small or not detected, while Zn exhibited an increasing trend in its exchangeable fraction with CSS addition rate. The bioaccessibility of these four elements was increased with the CSS addition rate. Moreover, the Cr, Cu, and Zn bioaccessibility correlated positively with the total concentration, while the bioaccessibility of these four elements exhibited a negative correlation with the residual fraction. The fractionation and bioaccessibility of heavy metals may have also been influenced by pH, cation exchange capacity, and organic matter. The risk assessment code reflected the amended soil showed no or low environmental risks for Cr, Cu, and Pb and a medium risk for Zn. The hazardous index values and cancer risk levels indicated that the heavy metals in the soil amended with 25% CSS posed negligible potential noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks to children and adults via incidental ingestion.

Keywords: biosolids; land application; trace elements; sequential extraction; in vitro test; mobility; exposure; factors (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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