Cardiovascular-Related Outcomes in U.S. Adults Exposed to Lead

Emmanuel Obeng-Gyasi, Rodrigo X. Armijos, M. Margaret Weigel, Gabriel M. Filippelli and M. Aaron Sayegh
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Emmanuel Obeng-Gyasi: Department of Built Environment, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, Greensboro, NC 27411, USA
Rodrigo X. Armijos: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
M. Margaret Weigel: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
Gabriel M. Filippelli: Department of Earth Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
M. Aaron Sayegh: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Public Health, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA

IJERPH, 2018, vol. 15, issue 4, 1-16

Abstract: Cardiovascular-related clinical markers were evaluated in this cross-sectional study of United States adults (aged ≥ 20) exposed to lead via the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2008 and the 2009–2010 datasets. In four quartiles of exposure—0–2 μg/dL, 2–5 μg/dL, 5–10 μg/dL, and 10 μg/dL and over, clinical and anthropometric markers were evaluated—to examine how the markers manifested in the quartiles. Associations were determined via linear regression. Finally, clinical makers, and how they manifested between exposed and less-exposed occupations, were explored in addition to how duration of exposure altered these clinical markers. In regression analysis, Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, were significantly associated with blood lead level (BLL). In the occupational analysis, Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), DBP, C-reactive protein (CRP), triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, showed differences between populations in the exposed and less-exposed occupations. Regarding Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing, the duration of exposure altered SBP, CRP, and LDL cholesterol. With mining, the duration of exposure altered SBP, DBP, triglycerides, and HDL cholesterol, whereas in construction, the duration in occupation altered SBP, triglycerides, and CRP. In conclusion, lead exposure has a profound effect on the cardiovascular system, with potentially adverse outcomes existing at all exposure levels.

Keywords: cardiovascular; lead exposure; occupational; clinical markers; blood pressure; lipid profile (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
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Citations: View citations in EconPapers (5)

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