Toxic Effects of Methanol among Illegally Dispatched Workers at Aluminum CNC Cutting Process in Small-Scale, Third-Tier Subcontractor Factories of Smartphone Manufacturers in the Republic of Korea

Chung Won Kang, Hyunjoo Kim, Kyongsok Shin, Jia Ryu, Kyunghee Jung-Choi, Key Hwan Lim and Jin-Ha Kim
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Chung Won Kang: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Korea
Hyunjoo Kim: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital, Seoul 07985, Korea
Kyongsok Shin: Center for Bio-Environmental Science, Seegene Medical Foundation, Seoul 04805, Korea
Jia Ryu: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea
Kyunghee Jung-Choi: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea
Key Hwan Lim: Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea
Jin-Ha Kim: Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 07985, Korea

IJERPH, 2018, vol. 15, issue 7, 1-9

Abstract: An outbreak of occupational methanol poisoning occurred in small-scale, third-tier factories of large-scale smartphone manufacturers in the Republic of Korea in 2016. To investigate the working environment and the health effects of methanol exposure among co-workers in the methanol poisoning cases, we performed a cross-sectional study on 155 workers at five aluminum Computerized Numerical Control (CNC) cutting factories. Gas chromatography measured air and urinary methanol concentration. In the medical examination, symptom surveys, ophthalmological examinations, and neurobehavioral tests were done. Multiple logistic regression analyses controlling for age and sex were conducted to reveal the association of employment duration with symptoms. Air concentrations of methanol in factory A and E ranged from 228.5 to 2220.0 ppm. Mean urinary methanol concentrations of the workers in each factory were from 3.5 mg/L up to 91.2 mg/L. The odds ratios for symptoms of deteriorating vision and central nervous system (CNS) increased according to the employment duration after adjusting for age and sex. Four cases with an injured optic nerve and two cases with decreased neurobehavioral function were founded among co-workers of the victims. This study showed that the methanol exposure under poor environmental control not only produces eye and CNS symptoms but also affects neurobehavioral function and the optic nerve. The role of subcontracting production and dispatched work under poor environmental control was discussed.

Keywords: methanol exposure; toxic effects; subcontractor manufacturing; dispatched workers; visual defect; neurobehavioral function (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
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