Lead, Cadmium, and Arsenic Bioaccessibility of 24 h Duplicate Diet Ingested by Preschool Children Attending Day Care Centers in Brazil

Isabelle Nogueira Leroux, Ana Paula Sacone da Silva Ferreira, Fernanda Pollo Paniz, Tatiana Pedron, Fernanda Junqueira Salles, Fábio Ferreira Da Silva, Heloisa França Maltez, Bruno Lemos Batista and Kelly Polido Kaneshiro Olympio
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Isabelle Nogueira Leroux: Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira César, São Paulo 1246-904, Brazil
Ana Paula Sacone da Silva Ferreira: Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira César, São Paulo 1246-904, Brazil
Fernanda Pollo Paniz: Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001, Bairro Santa Terezinha, Santo André—SP—Brasil, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
Tatiana Pedron: Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001, Bairro Santa Terezinha, Santo André—SP—Brasil, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
Fernanda Junqueira Salles: Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira César, São Paulo 1246-904, Brazil
Fábio Ferreira Da Silva: Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001, Bairro Santa Terezinha, Santo André—SP—Brasil, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
Heloisa França Maltez: Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001, Bairro Santa Terezinha, Santo André—SP—Brasil, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
Bruno Lemos Batista: Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Avenida dos Estados, 5001, Bairro Santa Terezinha, Santo André—SP—Brasil, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
Kelly Polido Kaneshiro Olympio: Departamento de Saúde Ambiental, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Dr. Arnaldo, 715, Cerqueira César, São Paulo 1246-904, Brazil

IJERPH, 2018, vol. 15, issue 8, 1-10

Abstract: Lead, known as a metal with high neurotoxicity to children, cadmium, which is a carcinogenic and bioaccumulative contaminant, and arsenic, a class 1 carcinogenic according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer, are toxic elements (TEs) whose relevant route of exposure may be diet. We determined the bio-accessible fraction of lead, cadmium, and arsenic from the diet of preschool children from two day care centers (DCC). A cross-sectional study was conducted with 64 one–four-year-old children from two DCCs where the 24-h duplicate diet samples were collected. The diet samples were analyzed by ICP-MS for lead, cadmium, and arsenic total concentrations ( n = 64) and their bio-accessibility were analyzed for a subsample ( n = 10). The dietary intake (DI) mean for lead, cadmium, and arsenic were 0.18 ± 0.11 µg kg −1 bw, 0.08 ± 0.04 µg kg −1 bw, and 0.61 ± 0.41 µg kg −1 bw, respectively. All DI calculated for TEs, considering total intake, were found lower than the tolerable limits (TL) (European Union, or World Health Organization, WHO, when applicable) except for one child’s Pb intake. Bio-accessibilities ranged between 0% to 93%, 0% to 103%, and 0% to 69%, for lead, cadmium, and arsenic, respectively. Although DI for TEs has been found lower than TL, these reference values have been recently decreased or withdrawn since it was for lead and arsenic whose TL were withdrawn by WHO.

Keywords: bio-accessibility; 24-h diet; preschool children; arsenic intake; cadmium intake; lead intake (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (2)

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