Synergistic Effects of Ambient Temperature and Air Pollution on Health in Europe: Results from the PHASE Project

Antonis Analitis, Francesca De’ Donato, Matteo Scortichini, Timo Lanki, Xavier Basagana, Ferran Ballester, Christopher Astrom, Anna Paldy, Mathilde Pascal, Antonio Gasparrini, Paola Michelozzi and Klea Katsouyanni
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Antonis Analitis: Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
Francesca De’ Donato: Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, 00147 Rome, Italy
Matteo Scortichini: Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, 00147 Rome, Italy
Timo Lanki: Department of Health Security, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), 70210 Kuopio, Finland
Xavier Basagana: Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
Ferran Ballester: Spanish Consortium for Research on Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain
Christopher Astrom: Unit of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden
Anna Paldy: National Public Health Institute, Directorate of Public Health, 1097 Budapest, Hungary
Mathilde Pascal: Department of Environmental Health (DSE), Santé Publique France, 94415 Saint Maurice, France
Antonio Gasparrini: Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London WC1H 9SH, UK
Paola Michelozzi: Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Regional Health Service, 00147 Rome, Italy
Klea Katsouyanni: Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece

IJERPH, 2018, vol. 15, issue 9, 1-11

Abstract: We studied the potential synergy between air pollution and meteorology and their impact on mortality in nine European cities with data from 2004 to 2010. We used daily series of Apparent Temperature (AT), measurements of particulate matter (PM 10 ), ozone (O 3 ), and nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ) and total non-accidental, cardiovascular, and respiratory deaths. We applied Poisson regression for city-specific analysis and random effects meta-analysis to combine city-specific results, separately for the warm and cold seasons. In the warm season, the percentage increase in all deaths from natural causes per °C increase in AT tended to be greater during high ozone days, although this was only significant for all ages when all causes were considered. On low ozone days, the increase in the total daily number of deaths was 1.84% (95% CI 0.87, 2.82), whilst it was 2.20% (95% CI 1.28, 3.13) in the high ozone days per 1 °C increase in AT. Interaction with PM 10 was significant for cardiovascular (CVD) causes of death for all ages (2.24% on low PM 10 days (95% CI 1.01, 3.47) whilst it is 2.63% (95% CI 1.57, 3.71) on high PM 10 days) and for ages 75+. In days with heat waves, no consistent pattern of interaction was observed. For the cold period, no evidence for synergy was found. In conclusion, some evidence of interactive effects between hot temperature and the levels of ozone and PM 10 was found, but no consistent synergy could be identified during the cold season.

Keywords: temperature; air pollution; climate change and extreme weather events; interaction; short-term health effect; vulnerability (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2018
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (9)

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