Influence of Body Mass Index on Gestation and Delivery in Nulliparous Women: A Cohort Study

Noemí Rodríguez-Mesa, Paula Robles-Benayas, Yolanda Rodríguez-López, Eva María Pérez-Fernández and Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca
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Noemí Rodríguez-Mesa: Hospital Virgen de la Salud de Toledo, Servicio de salud de Castilla la Mancha (SESCAM), 45005 Toledo, Spain
Paula Robles-Benayas: Hospital Virgen de la Salud de Toledo, Servicio de salud de Castilla la Mancha (SESCAM), 45005 Toledo, Spain
Yolanda Rodríguez-López: Hospital Virgen de la Salud de Toledo, Servicio de salud de Castilla la Mancha (SESCAM), 45005 Toledo, Spain
Eva María Pérez-Fernández: Hospital Virgen de la Salud de Toledo, Servicio de salud de Castilla la Mancha (SESCAM), 45005 Toledo, Spain
Ana Isabel Cobo-Cuenca: Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Grupo Investigación multidisciplinar en Cuidados (IMCU), Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 45004 Toledo, Spain

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 11, 1-8

Abstract: Aims : To assess the influence of obesity on pregnancy and delivery in pregnant nulliparous women. Methods: A cohort, longitudinal, retrospective study was conducted in Spain with 710 women, of which 109 were obese (BMI > 30) and 601 were normoweight (BMI < 25). Consecutive nonrandom sampling. Variables : maternal age, BMI, gestational age, fetal position, start of labor, dilation and expulsion times, type of delivery and newborn weight and height. Results: The dilation time in obese women (309.81 ± 150.42 min) was longer than that in normoweight women (281.18 ± 136.90 min) ( p = 0.05, Student’s t -test). A higher fetal weight was more likely to lead to longer dilation time (OR = 0.43, 95% CI 0.010–0.075, p < 0.001) and expulsion time (OR = 0.027, 95% CI 0.015–0.039, p < 0.001). A higher maternal age was more likely to lead to a longer expulsion time (OR = 2.054, 95% CI 1.17–2.99, p < 0.001). Obese women were more likely to have gestational diabetes [relative risk (RR) = 3.612, 95% CI 2.102–6.207, p < 0.001], preeclampsia (RR = 5.514, 95% CI 1.128–26.96, p = 0.05), induced birth (RR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.06–1.50, p = 0.017) and cesarean section (RR = 2.16, 95% CI 1.11–4.20, p = 0.022) than normoweight women. Conclusion : Obesity is associated with increased complications during pregnancy, an increased incidence of a cesarean section and induced birth but it has no significant effect on the delivery time.

Keywords: obesity; maternal body mass index; labor; nulliparous women (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
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