Associations between Profiles of Self-Esteem and Achievement Goals and the Protection of Self-Worth in University Students

María del Mar Ferradás, Carlos Freire, José Carlos Núñez and Bibiana Regueiro
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María del Mar Ferradás: Department of Psychology, University of A Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
Carlos Freire: Department of Psychology, University of A Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain
José Carlos Núñez: Faculty of Psychology, University of Oviedo, 33003 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain
Bibiana Regueiro: Department of Psychology, University of A Coruña, 15071 A Coruña, Spain

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 12, 1-20

Abstract: The high demands of academia and the fear of failure lead some university students to prioritize defending their personal worth through the use of complex strategies such as self-handicapping or defensive pessimism. Adopting a person-centered approach, this study established two objectives: First, to analyze the conformation of different motivational profiles based on the combination of self-esteem and achievement goals (learning, performance approach, and performance avoidance); and second, to determine if the identified profiles differ from one another in the use of self-handicapping and defensive pessimism. A total of 1028 university students participated in the research. Four motivational profiles were obtained: (a) High self-esteem, low learning goals, high performance approach goals, and high performance avoidance goals; (b) high self-esteem, high learning goals, low performance approach goals, and low performance avoidance goals; (c) low self-esteem, low learning goals, high performance approach goals, and high performance avoidance goals; and (d) low self-esteem, high learning goals, high performance approach goals, and medium performance avoidance goals. Profiles (c) and (d) were significantly related to self-handicapping and defensive pessimism, respectively. These results suggest that students with low self-esteem are more vulnerable to self-protection strategies. Additionally, under self-handicapping and defensive pessimism, the achievement goals are slightly different.

Keywords: self-handicapping; defensive pessimism; self-esteem; achievement goals; motivational profiles (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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