The Characteristics of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Different Emission Source Areas in Shenyang, China

Lu Yang, Genki Suzuki, Lulu Zhang, Quanyu Zhou, Xuan Zhang, Wanli Xing, Masayuki Shima, Yoshiko Yoda, Ryohei Nakatsubo, Takatoshi Hiraki, Baijun Sun, Wenhua Fu, Hongye Qi, Kazuichi Hayakawa, Akira Toriba and Ning Tang
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Lu Yang: Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Genki Suzuki: Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Lulu Zhang: Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Quanyu Zhou: Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Xuan Zhang: Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Wanli Xing: Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Masayuki Shima: Department of Public Health, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8131, Japan
Yoshiko Yoda: Department of Public Health, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya 663-8131, Japan
Ryohei Nakatsubo: Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kobe 654-0037, Japan
Takatoshi Hiraki: Hyogo Prefectural Institute of Environmental Sciences, Kobe 654-0037, Japan
Baijun Sun: Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang 110031, China
Wenhua Fu: Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang 110031, China
Hongye Qi: Shenyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shenyang 110031, China
Kazuichi Hayakawa: Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Akira Toriba: Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
Ning Tang: Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 16, 1-11

Abstract: Particulate matter (PM) was collected in three different areas, SY-1, SY-2, and SY-3, in Shenyang, China, during the warm and cold seasons from 2012 to 2014. SY-1 was located beside a thermal power plant, far from the central area. SY-2 was near a coal heating boiler on the main road, close to the central area. SY-3 was on the main road, without fixed emission sources. Nine PM-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were analyzed. The results showed that the mean concentration of total PAHs was higher in the cold season (92.6–316 ng m −3 ) than in the warm season (18.4–32.2 ng m −3 ). Five- and six-ring PAHs occupied a large percentage at all sites in the warm season, and four-ring PAHs were the dominant components in the cold season. Several diagnostic PAH ratios indicated that the main sources of PAHs in Shenyang in the warm and cold seasons were not only coal burning but also vehicle emission. In this study, we suggest that a benzo[ a ]pyrene/benzo[ ghi ]perylene ratio ([BaP]/[BgPe]) of 0.6 was a useful indicator to speculate the relative significance of coal burning and vehicle exhaust. Although the Shenyang government has undertaken actions to address air pollution, the PM and PAH concentrations did not decrease significantly compared to those in our previous studies. The cancer risk calculated from the BaP equivalent total concentration at all three sites in the warm and cold seasons exceeded the acceptable limit established by the US EPA.

Keywords: particulate matter; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; air pollution; health risk; Shenyang (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (11)

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