Acute Respiratory Tract Infection and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentration: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Hai Pham, Aninda Rahman, Azam Majidi, Mary Waterhouse and Rachel E. Neale
Additional contact information
Hai Pham: Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QL 4006, Australia
Aninda Rahman: Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QL 4006, Australia
Azam Majidi: Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QL 4006, Australia
Mary Waterhouse: Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QL 4006, Australia
Rachel E. Neale: Population Health Department, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QL 4006, Australia

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 17, 1-15

Abstract: Observational studies and randomised controlled studies suggest that vitamin D plays a role in the prevention of acute respiratory tract infection (ARTI); however, findings are inconsistent and the optimal serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration remains unclear. To review the link between 25(OH)D concentration and ARTI, we searched PubMed and EMBASE databases to identify observational studies reporting the association between 25(OH)D concentration and risk or severity of ARTI. We used random-effects meta-analysis to pool findings across studies. Twenty-four studies were included in the review, 14 were included in the meta-analysis of ARTI risk and five in the meta-analysis of severity. Serum 25(OH)D concentration was inversely associated with risk and severity of ARTI; pooled odds ratios (95% confidence interval) were 1.83 (1.42–2.37) and 2.46 (1.65–3.66), respectively, comparing the lowest with the highest 25(OH)D category. For each 10 nmol/L decrease in 25(OH)D concentration, the odds of ARTI increased by 1.02 (0.97–1.07). This was a non-linear trend, with the sharpest increase in risk of ARTI occurring at 25(OH)D concentration < 37.5 nmol/L. In conclusion, there is an inverse non-linear association between 25(OH)D concentration and ARTI.

Keywords: respiratory infection; vitamin D; systematic review; observational studies; 25-hydroxyvitamin D; meta-analysis; acute infection (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations:

Downloads: (external link)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/17/3020/pdf (application/pdf)
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/16/17/3020/ (text/html)

Related works:
This item may be available elsewhere in EconPapers: Search for items with the same title.

Export reference: BibTeX RIS (EndNote, ProCite, RefMan) HTML/Text

Persistent link: https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:16:y:2019:i:17:p:3020-:d:259506

Access Statistics for this article

IJERPH is currently edited by Ms. Jenna Liu

More articles in IJERPH from MDPI
Bibliographic data for series maintained by MDPI Indexing Manager ().