Subgingival Microbiota of Mexicans with Type 2 Diabetes with Different Periodontal and Metabolic Conditions

Adriana-Patricia Rodríguez-Hernández, María de Lourdes Márquez-Corona, América Patricia Pontigo-Loyola, Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís and Laurie-Ann Ximenez-Fyvie
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Adriana-Patricia Rodríguez-Hernández: Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04360, Mexico
María de Lourdes Márquez-Corona: The Academic Area of Dentistry in the Health Sciences Institute, the Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Pachuca 42039, Mexico
América Patricia Pontigo-Loyola: The Academic Area of Dentistry in the Health Sciences Institute, the Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Pachuca 42039, Mexico
Carlo Eduardo Medina-Solís: The Academic Area of Dentistry in the Health Sciences Institute, the Autonomous University of the State of Hidalgo, Pachuca 42039, Mexico
Laurie-Ann Ximenez-Fyvie: Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, School of Dentistry, National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City 04360, Mexico

IJERPH, 2019, vol. 16, issue 17, 1-17

Abstract: Background: Type-2-Diabetes (T2D) and Periodontitis are major inflammatory diseases. However, not much is known about the specific subgingival microbiota in Mexicans with diabetes and metabolic dysbiosis. The aim of this study was to describe the subgingival microbiota of Mexicans with T2D and the different periodontal and metabolic conditions, through “Checkerboard” DNA–DNA hybridization. Methods: Subjects were divided into two groups—periodontal-health (PH) (PH_non-T2D; n = 59, PH_T2D; n = 14) and generalized-periodontitis (GP) (GP_non-T2D; n = 67, GP_T2D; n = 38). Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m 2 ) and serum levels of glycated-hemoglobin (HbA1c), total-lipids, triglycerides, total-cholesterol, high-density-lipids, and low-density-lipids were measured for the T2D individuals. Subgingival microbial identification was processed for 40 species through DNA-probes. Results: Subjects with T2D harbored significantly higher mean total levels (PH: p < 0.001, and GP_NS), a lower proportion of “red” complex (GP: p < 0.01), a higher proportion of “yellow” (GP; p < 0.001), and “orange” (GP; p < 0.01) complex than the non-T2D. GP_T2D individuals exhibited a greater proportion of putative-species— Campylobacter gracilis and S. constellatus ( p < 0.001), and Parvimonas micra and Prevotella nigrescens ( p < 0.01), than GP_non-T2D. T2D individuals with HbA1c > 8% had presented significantly higher mean pocket-depth and higher levels of G. morbillorum ( p < 0.05) and those with obesity or dyslipidemia harbored higher levels, prevalence, or proportion of Streptococcus sp., Actinomyces sp., and Capnocytophaga sp. Conclusions: T2D individuals harbored a particular microbial profile different to non-T2D microbiota. Metabolic control was related to dysbiosis of microbiota—HbA1c>8% related to periodontitis and obesity or dyslipidemia with the predominance of saccharolytic bacteria, irrespective of their periodontal condition.

Keywords: Type 2 diabetes mellitus; periodontitis; subgingival microbiota; “Checkerboard” DNA–DNA hybridization; obesity; glycemic poor control; dyslipidemia (search for similar items in EconPapers)
JEL-codes: I I1 I3 Q Q5 (search for similar items in EconPapers)
Date: 2019
References: View references in EconPapers View complete reference list from CitEc
Citations: View citations in EconPapers (1)

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